Higher Secondary Certificate Examination (Bangladesh) · Physics

Waves, Thermodynamics and Optics

35 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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Random questions from this topic, one at a time. You see the answer and the explanation straight after each one.

All 35 questions

  1. What is the time period T of a simple pendulum of length L in a gravitational field g for small oscillations?
  2. If the length of a simple pendulum is increased by 4 times, what happens to its time period?
  3. What is the velocity v of a wave having frequency f and wavelength lambda?
  4. What is the frequency of beats produced when two sound waves of frequencies 256 Hz and 260 Hz interfere?
  5. In a standing wave, what is the distance between two consecutive nodes?
  6. What is the distance between a node and its adjacent antinode in a stationary wave?
  7. What is the efficiency eta of a Carnot heat engine operating between absolute temperatures T_H and T_C (T_H > T_C)?
  8. A Carnot engine operates between reservoirs at 600 K and 300 K. What is its thermodynamic efficiency?
  9. According to the First Law of Thermodynamics, what is the relation between heat added dQ, internal energy change dU, and work done dW?
  10. In an adiabatic thermodynamic process, which parameter remains strictly zero throughout?
  11. What is the relation between pressure P and volume V for an ideal gas undergoing a reversible adiabatic process?
  12. What is the ratio of molar heat capacities gamma = C_p / C_v for an ideal monoatomic gas (like Helium or Argon)?
  13. What is the ratio of molar heat capacities gamma = C_p / C_v for an ideal diatomic gas at room temperature?
  14. In any spontaneous irreversible process occurring in an isolated system, how does total entropy S change?
  15. What is the critical angle theta_c for total internal reflection at a boundary from a medium of refractive index n into air (n_air = 1)?
  16. If a glass medium has refractive index n = 1.5, what is the speed of light in this glass (speed of light in vacuum c = 3 x 10^8 m/s)?
  17. What is the focal length f of a thin lens having power P = +2.5 Diopters?
  18. What is the fringe width beta in Young's Double Slit Experiment with slit separation d, screen distance D, and light wavelength lambda? (Hard)
  19. In Young's double slit experiment, what is the path difference Delta x for constructive interference (bright fringe)?
  20. What is Brewster's Law for polarization of light by reflection from a dielectric surface of refractive index n?
  21. When unpolarized light of intensity I_0 passes through an ideal linear polarizer, what is the transmitted intensity?
  22. According to Malus's Law, what is the intensity I transmitted through an analyzer oriented at angle theta to polarized light of intensity I_i?
  23. What type of wave is a sound wave propagating through ambient air?
  24. Can sound waves in air exhibit the phenomenon of polarization?
  25. What is the apparent frequency f' heard by a stationary observer when a sound source of frequency f moves toward the observer with speed v_s (sound speed v)? (Hard)
  26. What is the ratio of root-mean-square speed of molecules of an ideal gas at temperature 4T to that at temperature T?
  27. What is the average translational kinetic energy of one mole of an ideal gas at absolute temperature T?
  28. At what temperature are the Celsius and Fahrenheit temperature readings numerically identical?
  29. What is the total internal energy of an ideal gas dependent exclusively upon?
  30. What is the phase difference between displacement and velocity of a particle executing Simple Harmonic Motion?
  31. What is the phase difference between displacement and acceleration in Simple Harmonic Motion?
  32. For total internal reflection to occur, light must travel in which direction across a boundary?
  33. What is the magnifying power M of a simple microscope (magnifying glass) of focal length f when image is formed at near point D? (Hard)
  34. What is the power of a combination of two thin lenses of focal lengths f1 and f2 in close contact?
  35. Why does the sky appear blue during a clear day?

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