Portuguese Geography and Nature

Geography And Nature

186 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

All 186 questions

  1. Complete the sentence about Faial Island with the correct year: By ______, nautical charts referred to this island as Ilha de São Luis.
  2. Complete the sentence about Graciosa with the correct year: Paradoxically, it is clear that in ______, by order of Prince Henry the Navigator, cattle and swine were settled on the island in order to f…
  3. Complete the sentence about Graciosa with the correct year: In ______, the French writer François-René de Chateaubriand visited the island while journeying to North America, staying at the Franciscan…
  4. Complete the sentence about Graciosa with the correct year: In ______, Prince Albert I of Monaco, while visiting the Azores on-board his yacht Hirondelle, made port in Graciosa during his oceanographi…
  5. Complete the sentence about Santa Maria Island with the correct year: The Infante received these "gifts" in ______, and immediately ordered that herds be sent to the island, while he organized a plan…
  6. Complete the sentence about Santa Maria Island with the correct year: By ______, the chronicler Diogo Gomes de Sintra identified the island as Ilha de Gonçalo Velho, with the choicest lands in the han…
  7. Complete the sentence about Portuguese Water Dog with the correct year: The Portuguese Water Dog is a fairly rare breed; only 36 Portuguese Water Dogs were entered for Great Britain's Crufts competiti…
  8. Complete the sentence about History of Portugal with the correct year: Afonso Henriques, son of the count Henry of Burgundy, proclaimed himself king of Portugal in ______.
  9. Complete the sentence about County of Portugal with the correct year: When Count Henry died in ______, the population of the County of Portugal, including the powerful families, favored independence.
  10. Complete the sentence about Afonso I of Portugal with the correct year: In ______, Afonso renounced the suzerainty of the Kingdom of León and established the independent Kingdom of Portugal.
  11. Complete the sentence about Afonso I of Portugal with the correct year: According to the Crónica de Portugal de ______ the future Portuguese king was born in Viseu, which was at the time the most impo…
  12. Complete the sentence about Afonso I of Portugal with the correct year: In order to stop her son Afonso from overthrowing her, Theresa exiled him when he was twelve in the year ______.
  13. Complete the sentence about Battle of Ourique with the correct year: Seizing the county however caused him to then enter into conflict with his suzerain, king Alfonso VII of León, but a peace between…
  14. Complete the sentence about Battle of Ourique with the correct year: The Almoravids ruled al-Andalus and they had already sieged the then capital of Portugal, Coimbra, in ______.
  15. Complete the sentence about Battle of Ourique with the correct year: As early as ______ therefore, Afonso had reinforced the defenses of Coimbra and the southern border with the construction of the fr…
  16. Complete the sentence with the correct year: In ______ however, he was called back to Morocco, which was a serious blow.
  17. Complete the sentence about Treaty of Zamora with the correct year: Afonso proclaimed himself King of Portugal at the Battle of Ourique in ______.
  18. Complete the sentence about Treaty of Zamora with the correct year: On the spring of ______, Alfonso VII led another campaign, this time towards al-Andalus, ruled by the Almoravids.
  19. Complete the sentence with the correct year: Guido de Vico had already negotiated with João Peculiar once in ______.
  20. Complete the sentence about Treaty of Zamora with the correct year: Afonso Henriques and Alfonso VII convened at Zamora between 4 and 5 October ______.
  21. Which place completes this sentence about Lisbon? In 1147, Afonso Henriques conquered the city and in 1255, it became Portugal's capital, replacing ______.
  22. Which place completes this sentence about Porto? Porto, also known in English as Oporto, is the second largest city in Portugal, after ______.
  23. Which place completes this sentence about Faro, Portugal? Since 1756, following the devastation of the ______ earthquake, Faro has been the administrative capital of the Algarve.
  24. Which place completes this sentence about Viseu? By the mid sixth century, the Suebians had already established a community, with a bishop elected by the suffrage of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of ____…
  25. Which place completes this sentence about Sintra? Following the fall of the Caliphate of Córdoba, the King of León, Alfonso VI received in the spring of 1093, the cities of Santarém, ______ and the Ca…
  26. Which place completes this sentence about Sintra? Afonso took the cities and the castle of Sintra between 30 April and 8 May 1093, but shortly after their transfer Sintra and ______ were conquered by…
  27. Which place completes this sentence about Cascais? The development of Cascais began in earnest in the 12th century, when it was administratively subordinate to the town of ______, located to the north…
  28. Which place completes this sentence about Cascais? In its humble beginnings, Cascais depended on the products of the sea and land, but by the 13th century its fish production was also supplying the ne…
  29. Which place completes this sentence about Cascais? The settlement's prosperity led to its administrative independence from ______ in 1364.
  30. Which place completes this sentence about Pena Palace? The castle's history started in the Middle Ages when a chapel dedicated to Our Lady of Pena was built on the top of the hill above ______.
  31. Which place completes this sentence about Pena Palace? In 1493, John II, accompanied by his wife Leonor of ______, made a pilgrimage to the site to fulfill a vow.
  32. Which place completes this sentence about Batalha Monastery? During the reign of Afonso V of Portugal, the Portuguese architect Fernão de ______ continued the construction between 1448 and 1477.
  33. Which place completes this sentence about Dom Luís I Bridge? On 1 January 1944, the toll system was discontinued, and the bridge began to function as a free infrastructure of the municipal authority o…
  34. Which place completes this sentence about Santa Justa Lift? On 1 June 1882, Mesnier, a ______-born engineer of French parentage, was granted a licence to proceed.
  35. Which place completes this sentence about Bom Jesus do Monte? On 7 July 2019, the Sanctuary of Bom Jesus do Monte in ______ was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
  36. Which place completes this sentence about Douro? The Douro flows into the Atlantic Ocean at ______, the second largest city of Portugal.
  37. Which place completes this sentence about Douro? The wine was taken downriver in flat-bottom boats called rabelos, to be stored in barrels in cellars in Vila Nova de Gaia, just across the river from _…
  38. Which place completes this sentence about Douro? In 1998, Portugal and Spain signed the ______ Convention, an agreement on the sharing of trans-boundary rivers to include the Douro, Tagus and Guadiana…
  39. Which place completes this sentence about Madeira? The capital of Madeira is ______, on the main island's south coast.
  40. Which place completes this sentence about Porto Santo Island? The sole parish of the municipality is also named ______ Santo.
  41. Which place completes this sentence about São Miguel Island? The tragedy helped to elevate ______ to the administrative and economic status of capital and business centre from 1546.
  42. Which place completes this sentence about Algarve? The region has its administrative centre in the city of ______, where both the region's international airport and public university, the University o…
  43. Which place completes this sentence about Terceira Island? Following the Battle of ______, where Don Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz defeated the Anglo-French supporters of D.
  44. Which place completes this sentence about Flores Island, Azores? Several of the main communities and local sites were named for settlers of this mid-century period, including Santa Cruz, Lajes and ___…
  45. Which place completes this sentence about Santa Maria Island? By 1460, the chronicler Diogo Gomes de ______ identified the island as Ilha de Gonçalo Velho, with the choicest lands in the hands of thei…
  46. Which place completes this sentence about Afonso I of Portugal? According to the Crónica de Portugal de 1419 the future Portuguese king was born in ______, which was at the time the most important pol…
  47. Which place completes this sentence about Battle of Ourique? The Almoravids ruled al-Andalus and they had already sieged the then capital of Portugal, ______, in 1117.
  48. Complete the sentence about Iberian lynx with the correct year: By the turn of the 21st century, the Iberian lynx was on the verge of extinction, as only 94 individuals survived in two isolated subpop…
  49. Complete the sentence about Bragança, Portugal with the correct year: By the seventh generation, around ______, the Bragançãos lost their hereditary title, and Afonso III transferred the title to Nuno…
  50. Complete the sentence about Bragança, Portugal with the correct year: When the Jews were expelled from Spain in ______, 3000 Jewish refugees settled in Bragança.
  51. Complete the sentence about Santarém, Portugal with the correct year: The period of Arabic domination was finished in ______ by the first King of Portugal, Afonso Henriques, who conquered the city on…
  52. Complete the sentence about Beja, Portugal with the correct year: With the collapse of the Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba in ______, Beja became a taifa, an independent Muslim-ruled principality.
  53. Complete the sentence about Beja, Portugal with the correct year: In ______ the town was captured by an army of the Almohads, who annexed it to their North African empire.
  54. Complete the sentence about Beja, Portugal with the correct year: Only with Manuel I in ______ did Beja again reach the status of city.
  55. Complete the sentence about Vila Real with the correct year: In ______, as a new incentive to repopulation, King Afonso III of Portugal wrote another unsuccessful foral, this time to establish Vila Re…
  56. Complete the sentence about Tomar with the correct year: After the conquest of the region from the Moors in the Portuguese Reconquista, the land was granted in ______ as a fief to the Order of the Kni…
  57. Complete the sentence about Tomar with the correct year: The foral or feudal contract was granted in ______ by the Grand Master to the people.
  58. Complete the sentence about Tomar with the correct year: In ______ Abu Yusuf Yaqub al-Mansur, an Almohad caliph, and his army attacked Tomar.
  59. Complete the sentence about Tomar with the correct year: In ______, under pressure from the Pope Clement V, the order was suppressed.
  60. Complete the sentence about Fátima, Portugal with the correct year: A small chapel was built at the site of the apparition in ______, and a statue of the Virgin Mary installed.
  61. Complete the sentence about Mértola with the correct year: In ______, in the context of the Reconquista, the town was conquered by Portuguese King Sancho II, putting an end to several centuries of Isl…
  62. Complete the sentence about Elvas with the correct year: Elvas was the site of the Battle of the Lines of Elvas in ______, during which the garrison and citizens of the city assisted in the rout of a…
  63. Complete the sentence about Elvas with the correct year: The Napoleonic French under Marshal Junot took it in March ______ during the Peninsular War, but evacuated it in August after the conclusion of…
  64. Complete the sentence about Elvas with the correct year: The fortifications played a major role in the Battle of the Lines of Elvas in ______.
  65. Complete the sentence about Marvão with the correct year: An annual international classical music festival, under the artistic direction of German conductor Christoph Poppen, was launched in Marvão in…
  66. Complete the sentence about Silves, Portugal with the correct year: Al-Mu'tamid ibn Abbad, the son of al-Mu'tadid and a famous poet, ruled the taifa of Silves until ______.
  67. Complete the sentence with the correct year: After the Almoravid conquest the town became Almohad in ______.
  68. Complete the sentence about Silves, Portugal with the correct year: In ______, King Sancho I of Portugal conquered the town with the aid of Northern European crusaders.
  69. Complete the sentence about Sines with the correct year: Sines obtained administrative autonomy from Santiago do Cacém on 24 November ______, when Pedro I elevated Sines to the status of villa.
  70. Complete the sentence about Sines with the correct year: In ______, aggravated by the fact the castle was not completed, King John appropriated men to serve in the military campaigns along the frontie…
  71. Which place completes this sentence about Belém Tower? In fact, the tower was built on a small island in the Tagus river near the ______ shore.
  72. Which place completes this sentence about Lisbon Cathedral? An English crusader named Gilbert of Hastings was installed as bishop, and a new cathedral was built on the site of the main mosque of _____…
  73. Which place completes this sentence about Lisbon Cathedral? There were several in the 14th and 16th centuries, but the worst of all was the 1755 ______ earthquake, which destroyed the Gothic main chap…
  74. Which place completes this sentence about Praça do Comércio? The square was named Praça do Comércio, the Square of Commerce, to indicate its new function in the economy of ______.
  75. Which place completes this sentence about 25 de Abril Bridge? The American School of ______ was founded largely to educate the children of the American engineers brought to Portugal to work on the con…
  76. Which place completes this sentence about Porto Santo Island? The slope of the western part of the island slopes from 150 meters to the south coast reaching the sandy beaches of ______ Santo.
  77. Which place completes this sentence about Porto Santo Island? The rock-dwelling fruticose Mountain Strap lichen Ramalina confertula is found only in a few spots on the volcanoes of ______ Santo.
  78. Which place completes this sentence about Battle of Ourique? Portugal had been involved in the Reconquista or reconquest of territory back to Christendom ever since the capture of ______ by Vímara Per…
  79. Which place completes this sentence about Elvas? The Napoleonic French under Marshal Junot took it in March 1808 during the Peninsular War, but evacuated it in August after the conclusion of the Conve…
  80. Which place completes this sentence about Aveiro, Portugal? As a result, Aveiro became known as Nova ______; this was abandoned later and returned to Aveiro.
  81. Which place completes this sentence about Convent of Christ? During the second quarter of the 13th century, ______ was transferred into the control of the Templars, becoming its seat.
  82. Which place completes this sentence about Guadiana? North of ______ on the Guadiana is the highest waterfall is Southern Portugal called Pulo do Lobo.
  83. Which place completes this sentence about Minho? The Minho reaches the Atlantic between the Galician A ______ and the Portuguese Caminha, with an average discharge of 420 m/s.
  84. Which place completes this sentence about Alentejo? Parque Natural da Serra de São Mamede, a nature park area located to the east of ______, includes medieval villages.
  85. Which place completes this sentence about Alentejo? In the south, near ______, there is another nature park area, named Parque Natural do Vale Guadiana.
  86. Which place completes this sentence about Terceira Island? The first settlement occurred in Quatro Ribeiras, in the locality of ______, where a small chapel was raised for the invocation of Santa Ana.

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