Portuguese History and Politics

History And Politics

159 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

Practise History And Politics now

Random questions from this topic, one at a time. You see the answer and the explanation straight after each one.

All 159 questions

  1. Complete the sentence about Battle of Aljubarrota with the correct year: The Battle of Aljubarrota was fought between the Kingdom of Portugal and the Crown of Castile on 14 August ______.
  2. Complete the sentence about Battle of Aljubarrota with the correct year: Scattered border confrontations with Castilian troops would persist until the death of John I of Castile in ______, but these p…
  3. Complete the sentence about Battle of Aljubarrota with the correct year: In October ______, King Ferdinand I of Portugal died with no son to inherit the crown.
  4. Complete the sentence about Battle of Aljubarrota with the correct year: In April ______, in Alentejo, a punitive Castilian expedition was promptly defeated by Nuno Álvares Pereira, leading a much sma…
  5. Complete the sentence about Henry the Navigator with the correct year: Regarded as the patron of Portuguese discoveries, he died on 13 November ______ in Vila do Bispo in the Algarve.
  6. Complete the sentence about Bartolomeu Dias with the correct year: One of his ancestors, Dinis Dias e Fernandes, explored the African coast in the 1440s and discovered the Cap-Vert peninsula in today'…
  7. Complete the sentence about Bartolomeu Dias with the correct year: In ______, Dias accompanied an expedition, led by Diogo de Azambuja, to construct a fortress and trading post called São Jorge da Min…
  8. Complete the sentence about Bartolomeu Dias with the correct year: No contemporary documents detailing this historic voyage have been found, as almost all maritime records were destroyed in the ______…
  9. Complete the sentence about Bartolomeu Dias with the correct year: On 8 December ______, he arrived at the Golfo da Conceição, modern-day Walvis Bay, Namibia.
  10. Complete the sentence about Bartolomeu Dias with the correct year: On 4 February ______, after 30 days on the open ocean, they reached Africa's southern cape and entered what would later become known…
  11. Complete the sentence about Vasco da Gama with the correct year: Da Gama finally accomplished the feat when he landed at Kozhikode on 20 May ______.
  12. Complete the sentence about Pedro Álvares Cabral with the correct year: As the new land was within the Portuguese sphere according to the ______ Treaty of Tordesillas, Cabral claimed it for the Portug…
  13. Complete the sentence about Pedro Álvares Cabral with the correct year: Cabral was christened Pedro Álvares de Gouveia and only later, supposedly upon his elder brother's death in ______, did he begin…
  14. Complete the sentence about Pedro Álvares Cabral with the correct year: Raised as a member of the lower nobility, Cabral was sent to the court of King Afonso V in ______ at around age 12.
  15. Complete the sentence about Ferdinand Magellan with the correct year: Born around ______ into a family of minor Portuguese nobility, Magellan became a skilled sailor and naval officer in the service o…
  16. Complete the sentence about Ferdinand Magellan with the correct year: The other ship, commanded by Elcano, sailed west across the Indian Ocean and north along the Atlantic coast of Africa, finally ret…
  17. Complete the sentence about Ferdinand Magellan with the correct year: Magellan was born in northern Portugal, possibly around ______.
  18. Complete the sentence about Treaty of Tordesillas with the correct year: By ______, Portuguese explorers had reached the southern tip of Africa, the Cape of Good Hope.
  19. Complete the sentence about Treaty of Tordesillas with the correct year: Castile gained lands including most of the Americas, which in ______ had little proven wealth.
  20. Complete the sentence about Portuguese Empire with the correct year: In ______, Pedro Álvares Cabral, while on a voyage to India, reached what would later be Brazil.
  21. Complete the sentence about Portuguese Empire with the correct year: By ______, a string of naval outposts connected Lisbon to Nagasaki along the coasts of Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia.
  22. Complete the sentence about Portuguese Empire with the correct year: The ______ British Ultimatum led to the contraction of Portuguese ambitions in Africa.
  23. Complete the sentence about Portuguese Empire with the correct year: In August ______, Dahomey annexed the Fort of São João Baptista de Ajudá, and in December that year India annexed Goa, Daman, and D…
  24. Complete the sentence about Manuel I of Portugal with the correct year: Manuel was born in Alcochete on 31 May ______, the ninth child of Ferdinand, Duke of Viseu and Beatriz of Portugal.
  25. Complete the sentence about Manuel I of Portugal with the correct year: In ______, Fernando II, Duke of Braganza, leader of Portugal's most powerful feudal house, was executed for treason.
  26. Complete the sentence about John II of Portugal with the correct year: Born in Lisbon on 3 May ______, John was the second son of Afonso V of Portugal and Isabella of Coimbra.
  27. Complete the sentence about John II of Portugal with the correct year: At one month old, on 25 June ______, he was declared legitimate heir to the crown and received an oath of allegiance from the thr…
  28. Complete the sentence about John II of Portugal with the correct year: Instead, John married Eleanor of Viseu, his first cousin and the eldest daughter of Ferdinand, Duke of Viseu, on 22 January _____…
  29. Complete the sentence about John II of Portugal with the correct year: John accompanied his father in the campaigns in northern Africa and was knighted after the victory in the Conquest of Arzila in A…
  30. Complete the sentence about Sebastian of Portugal with the correct year: After his abdication in ______, she served in the same capacity for her brother Philip II of Spain.
  31. Complete the sentence about Sebastian of Portugal with the correct year: Joanna remained in Spain until her death in ______, never to see her son again.
  32. Complete the sentence about Sebastian of Portugal with the correct year: Sebastian's proposal was rejected, and Margaret married Henry in ______.
  33. Complete the sentence about Sebastian of Portugal with the correct year: Sebastian himself made a proposal in ______ to his first cousin Isabella Clara Eugenia, daughter of his maternal uncle Philip I…
  34. Complete the sentence about Battle of Alcácer Quibir with the correct year: Sebastian felt driven to revive lost glories by intervening in North Africa, influenced by the events such as the defense of…
  35. Complete the sentence about Battle of Alcácer Quibir with the correct year: Accordingly, in ______, the kingdom began to prepare for intervention in Morocco.
  36. Complete the sentence about Battle of Alcácer Quibir with the correct year: Upon the death of Sultan Abdallah al-Ghalib in ______ his son Muhammad II al-Mutawakkil inherited the throne, but two years…
  37. Complete the sentence about Battle of Alcácer Quibir with the correct year: Abd al-Malik had travelled to Istanbul in ______ and secured Ottoman support from the Sultan there himself.
  38. Complete the sentence about Battle of Alcácer Quibir with the correct year: After haranguing his troops from the windows of the Church of Santa Maria in Lagos, Sebastian departed that port in his arma…
  39. Complete the sentence about Iberian Union with the correct year: The Battle of Alcácer Quibir in ______ saw the death of the young king Sebastian.
  40. Complete the sentence about Iberian Union with the correct year: António had been acclaimed king of Portugal by the people of Santarém on 24 July ______, and then in many cities and towns throughout t…
  41. Complete the sentence about Iberian Union with the correct year: Philip was recognized as king by the Cortes of Tomar in ______, beginning the reign of the House of Habsburg over Portugal.
  42. Complete the sentence about Iberian Union with the correct year: When Philip left in ______ to Madrid, he made his nephew Albert of Austria his viceroy in Lisbon.
  43. Complete the sentence about Portuguese Restoration War with the correct year: The Portuguese succession crisis of ______ led to the creation of the Iberian Union, a personal union between Habsburg Spa…
  44. Complete the sentence about Portuguese Restoration War with the correct year: When Philip IV succeeded his father in ______, he adopted a less conciliatory approach to Portuguese affairs.
  45. Complete the sentence about Portuguese Restoration War with the correct year: By 2 December ______, the day after the coup, John IV, acting in his capacity as sovereign of the country, had sent a lett…
  46. Complete the sentence about Portuguese Restoration War with the correct year: On 11 December ______, a "Council of War" was created to organize all of the operations.
  47. Complete the sentence about Portuguese Restoration War with the correct year: To fulfill the common foreign policy interests of Portugal and France, a treaty of alliance between the two countries was…
  48. Complete the sentence with the correct year: In ______, Portugal came under the rule of King Philip II of Spain.
  49. Complete the sentence about House of Braganza with the correct year: In ______ he took part in the Conquest of Ceuta, alongside his father, his brothers, and the leading members of the nobility and mi…
  50. Complete the sentence about House of Braganza with the correct year: By the time of his father's death in ______, Afonso had won favour with his brother, King Duarte I and the rest of high Portuguese…
  51. Complete the sentence about John IV of Portugal with the correct year: By the time of his death in ______, the Portuguese Empire had reached its maximum territorial extent.
  52. Complete the sentence about John IV of Portugal with the correct year: John IV was born at Vila Viçosa and succeeded his father Teodósio II as Duke of Braganza when the latter died insane in ______.
  53. Complete the sentence about John IV of Portugal with the correct year: In Spain, a Portuguese invasion force defeated the Spanish at Montijo, near Badajoz, in ______.
  54. Complete the sentence with the correct year: King John IV died in ______ and was succeeded by his son Afonso VI.
  55. Complete the sentence about 1755 Lisbon earthquake with the correct year: The earthquake struck on the morning of 1 November ______, All Saints' Day.
  56. Complete the sentence about Peninsular War with the correct year: The war on the peninsula lasted until the Sixth Coalition defeated Napoleon in ______, and is regarded as one of the first wars of nat…
  57. Complete the sentence about Peninsular War with the correct year: In ______, the Spanish army in Andalusia defeated the French at the Battle of Bailén, considered the first open-field defeat of the Na…
  58. Complete the sentence about Peninsular War with the correct year: The war against Napoleon's occupation led to the Spanish Constitution of ______, promulgated by the Cortes of Cádiz, later a cornersto…
  59. Complete the sentence about Peninsular War with the correct year: The Treaties of Tilsit, negotiated during a meeting in July ______ between Emperors Alexander I of Russia and Napoleon, concluded the…
  60. Complete the sentence about Liberal Wars with the correct year: The death of King John VI in ______ created a dispute over royal succession.
  61. Complete the sentence about Liberal Wars with the correct year: Unlike the Constitution of ______, this new document established four branches of government.
  62. Complete the sentence about Liberal Wars with the correct year: In February ______, Miguel returned to Portugal, ostensibly to take the oath of allegiance to the Charter and assume the regency.
  63. Complete the sentence about Liberal Wars with the correct year: The Cortes of ______ assented to Miguel's wish, proclaiming him king as Miguel I of Portugal and nullifying the Constitutional Charter.
  64. Complete the sentence about Liberal Wars with the correct year: In April ______, Pedro abdicated in Brazil in favor of his son, Pedro II, and sailed for Britain.
  65. Complete the sentence about Independence of Brazil with the correct year: Formal recognition by Portugal came with the Treaty of Rio de Janeiro, signed in ______.
  66. Complete the sentence about Independence of Brazil with the correct year: In ______, the French army invaded Portugal, which had refused to participate in the continental blockade against the United K…
  67. Complete the sentence about Independence of Brazil with the correct year: In ______, a liberal revolution broke out in Portugal and the royal family was forced to return to Lisbon.
  68. Complete the sentence about Independence of Brazil with the correct year: The land now called Brazil was claimed by the Kingdom of Portugal in April ______, on the arrival of the Portuguese naval flee…
  69. Complete the sentence about Pedro I of Brazil with the correct year: When the country was invaded by French troops in ______, he and his family fled to Portugal's largest and wealthiest colony, Brazil…
  70. Complete the sentence about Pedro I of Brazil with the correct year: The Portuguese government's threat to revoke the political autonomy that Brazil had enjoyed since ______ was met with widespread di…
  71. Complete the sentence about Pedro I of Brazil with the correct year: Pedro I chose the Brazilian side and declared Brazil's independence from Portugal on 7 September ______.
  72. Complete the sentence about Pedro I of Brazil with the correct year: On 12 October, he was acclaimed Emperor and by March ______ had defeated all armies loyal to Portugal.
  73. Complete the sentence about Pedro I of Brazil with the correct year: In March ______, Pedro I briefly became king of Portugal before abdicating in favor of his eldest daughter, Dona Maria II.
  74. Complete the sentence about Pedro I of Brazil with the correct year: The situation worsened in ______ when the war in the south resulted in Brazil's loss of Cisplatina.
  75. Complete the sentence about Maria II of Portugal with the correct year: In ______, her father became king of Portugal but quickly abdicated in favour of the seven-year-old Maria.
  76. Complete the sentence about Maria II of Portugal with the correct year: In ______, Miguel was forced to abdicate and Maria was restored as undisputed queen.
  77. Complete the sentence about Maria II of Portugal with the correct year: In January ______, she married Auguste, Duke of Leuchtenberg, who died two months after their marriage.
  78. Complete the sentence about 5 October 1910 revolution with the correct year: In the city of Porto, on 31 January ______, a military uprising against the monarchy took place, constituted mainly by serg…
  79. Complete the sentence about First Portuguese Republic with the correct year: The power vacuum created after the assassination of Sidónio Pais on 14 December ______ led the country into a brief civil w…
  80. Complete the sentence about First Portuguese Republic with the correct year: In northern Portugal the restoration of the monarchy was proclaimed on 9 January ______ and four days later a monarchical i…
  81. Complete the sentence about First Portuguese Republic with the correct year: After a series of confrontations with the monarchists, they were definitively defeated in Porto on 13 February ______.
  82. Complete the sentence about Estado Novo with the correct year: Under Marcelo Caetano, who replaced an ageing Salazar as prime minister in ______, the country continued to liberalise its economy and ad…
  83. Complete the sentence about Estado Novo with the correct year: Despite this economic growth, by the fall of the Estado Novo in ______, Portugal still had the lowest per capita income and the lowest li…
  84. Complete the sentence about Estado Novo with the correct year: In ______, Carlos I was assassinated in Lisbon by anti-monarchists.
  85. Complete the sentence about Estado Novo with the correct year: The Portuguese monarchy lasted until ______ when, through the 5 October revolution, it was overthrown and Portugal was proclaimed a repub…
  86. Complete the sentence about António de Oliveira Salazar with the correct year: The regime he created lasted until ______, making it one of the longest-lived authoritarian dictatorships in modern Europ…
  87. Complete the sentence about António de Oliveira Salazar with the correct year: By the end of the Estado Novo in ______, Portugal still had the lowest per capita income and the lowest literacy rate in…
  88. Complete the sentence about Marcelo Caetano with the correct year: Caetano soon became an important figure in the Estado Novo government, and in ______, he was appointed chief of the Portuguese Youth…
  89. Complete the sentence with the correct year: In August ______, Salazar suffered a stroke after a fall in his home and went into a coma.
  90. Complete the sentence about Marcelo Caetano with the correct year: Thomaz appointed Caetano to replace Salazar on 27 September ______.
  91. Complete the sentence about Carnation Revolution with the correct year: The 28 May ______ coup d'état implemented an authoritarian regime incorporating social Catholicism and integralism.
  92. Complete the sentence about Carnation Revolution with the correct year: António de Oliveira Salazar served as Prime Minister until ______.
  93. Complete the sentence about Mário Soares with the correct year: Soares married Maria de Jesus Barroso Soares, an actress, on 22 February ______, while in the Aljube prison, at the Third Conservatory o…
  94. Complete the sentence about Mário Soares with the correct year: In ______, Soares was very active in the presidential election supporting General Humberto Delgado.
  95. Complete the sentence about Mário Soares with the correct year: In March ______, Soares was arrested again by PIDE, and a military tribunal sentenced him to banishment in the colony of São Tomé and Pr…
  96. Complete the sentence about Portuguese Colonial War with the correct year: The Portuguese regime at the time, the Estado Novo, was overthrown by a military coup in ______, and the change in government…
  97. Complete the sentence about Portuguese Colonial War with the correct year: The end of the war came with the Carnation Revolution military coup of April ______ in mainland Portugal and was followed by…
  98. Complete the sentence about Angola with the correct year: Portuguese explorers established relations with Kongo in ______.
  99. Complete the sentence about Mozambique with the correct year: After over four centuries of Portuguese rule, Mozambique gained independence in ______, becoming the People's Republic of Mozambique short…
  100. Complete the sentence about Cape Verde with the correct year: In ______, Portuguese settlers arrived at Santiago and founded a settlement they called Ribeira Grande.

Keep practising

More general knowledge topics

All general knowledge →

History And Politics in other exams

Ready for more general knowledge?

Play the GK ChallengeGeneral knowledge hub