Portuguese Geography and Nature

Geography And Nature

186 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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Random questions from this topic, one at a time. You see the answer and the explanation straight after each one.

All 186 questions

  1. Complete the sentence about Faro, Portugal with the correct year: Since ______, following the devastation of the Lisbon earthquake, Faro has been the administrative capital of the Algarve.
  2. Complete the sentence about Évora with the correct year: Évora was wrested from the Moors through a surprise attack by Gerald the Fearless in September ______.
  3. Complete the sentence about Aveiro, Portugal with the correct year: Joana, daughter of Afonso V lived in Aveiro, entering the convent of Jesus, and lived there until her death on 12 May ______.
  4. Complete the sentence about Aveiro, Portugal with the correct year: In the winter of ______, a terrible storm closed the entrance to its port, ending a thriving trade in metals and tiles, and creating…
  5. Complete the sentence about Aveiro, Portugal with the correct year: In ______, by request of King José, Pope Clement XIV instituted the Diocese of Aveiro.
  6. Complete the sentence about Ponta Delgada with the correct year: In around ______, Pêro de Teive established a small fishing village that eventually grew into the urban agglomeration in Santa Clara.
  7. Complete the sentence about Guimarães with the correct year: Guimarães, along with Maribor, Slovenia, was the European Capital of Culture in ______.
  8. Complete the sentence about Guimarães with the correct year: In ______, major political and military events that would lead to the independence and the birth of a new nation took place in Guimarães.
  9. Complete the sentence about Viseu with the correct year: During Countship of Portugal, Viseu had served as the seat of the Court for Henry, Count of Portugal and Countess Teresa, who granted a foral t…
  10. Complete the sentence about Viseu with the correct year: Viseu is believed as one of the possible birthplaces of their son Afonso Henriques, the first official Portuguese monarch, in ______.
  11. Complete the sentence about Setúbal with the correct year: The municipal holiday is 15 September, which marks the date in ______ when Manuel Maria Barbosa du Bocage was born at three o'clock in the af…
  12. Complete the sentence about Sintra with the correct year: Following the fall of the Caliphate of Córdoba, the King of León, Alfonso VI received in the spring of ______, the cities of Santarém, Lisbon…
  13. Complete the sentence about Sintra with the correct year: Afonso took the cities and the castle of Sintra between 30 April and 8 May ______, but shortly after their transfer Sintra and Lisbon were con…
  14. Complete the sentence about Sintra with the correct year: Santarém was saved by Henry, whom Alfonso had nominated Count of Portugal in ______, to replace Raymond of Burgundy.
  15. Complete the sentence about Cascais with the correct year: The settlement's prosperity led to its administrative independence from Sintra in ______.
  16. Complete the sentence about Leiria with the correct year: The first of the cortes held in Leiria took place in ______, under King Afonso II.
  17. Complete the sentence about Viana do Castelo with the correct year: In ______ a decision was taken to establish a monastery of the Order of Saint Augustine to St.
  18. Complete the sentence about Tavira with the correct year: In ______ Dom Paio Peres Correia took Tavira back from the Moors in a bloody conflict of retaliation after seven of his principal Knights were…
  19. Complete the sentence about Lagos, Portugal with the correct year: Lagos became an independent jurisdiction under the rule of King Peter I in ______.
  20. Complete the sentence about Lagos, Portugal with the correct year: King John I assembled his fleet in the harbour of Lagos, before setting sail for the siege and conquest of the city of Ceuta in _____…
  21. Complete the sentence about Belém Tower with the correct year: Since ______, the tower has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site, along with the Jerónimos Monastery.
  22. Complete the sentence about Belém Tower with the correct year: In ______, Lourenço Fernandes wrote a letter to his friends referring to the king's intention of constructing a tower near Restelo Velho…
  23. Complete the sentence about Belém Tower with the correct year: In ______, Francisco de Holanda advised the monarch that it was necessary to improve the coastal defences in order to protect the kingdom…
  24. Complete the sentence about Belém Tower with the correct year: In ______, after a few hours of battle, the garrison stationed in the tower surrendered to Spanish forces under the command of the Duke o…
  25. Complete the sentence about Jerónimos Monastery with the correct year: In ______, the Jerónimos Monastery was classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, along with the nearby Tower of Belém.
  26. Complete the sentence about Jerónimos Monastery with the correct year: In ______, King Manuel petitioned the Holy See for permission to construct a monastery at the site.
  27. Complete the sentence about Jerónimos Monastery with the correct year: The construction of the monastery and church began on 6 January ______, and was completed 100 years later.
  28. Complete the sentence about Jerónimos Monastery with the correct year: Boitaca was succeeded by the Spaniard Juan de Castillo, who took charge of construction around ______.
  29. Complete the sentence with the correct year: The construction came to a halt when King Manuel I died in ______.
  30. Complete the sentence about Jerónimos Monastery with the correct year: The construction stopped in ______ with the union of Spain and Portugal, as the building of the Escorial in Spain was now drainin…
  31. Complete the sentence about Pena Palace with the correct year: In ______, John II, accompanied by his wife Leonor of Viseu, made a pilgrimage to the site to fulfill a vow.
  32. Complete the sentence about Batalha Monastery with the correct year: The monastery is a historic and cultural monument and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site in ______.
  33. Complete the sentence about Convent of Christ with the correct year: The Castle and Convent of Christ in Tomar is a historic and cultural monument and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site in ___…
  34. Complete the sentence about Convent of Christ with the correct year: The castle was founded by the Order of Poor Knights of the Temple in ______.
  35. Complete the sentence about Convent of Christ with the correct year: In ______ it resisted a major attack from the armies of caliph Abu Yusuf al-Mansur, who was successful in taking strongholds in the…
  36. Complete the sentence about Convent of Christ with the correct year: But, following the dissolution of the Templar Order, on 14 March ______, and following the request of King Denis of Portugal, Pope…
  37. Complete the sentence about Alcobaça Monastery with the correct year: Due to its artistic, cultural and historical relevance, it was included in UNESCO's World Heritage Site list in ______.
  38. Complete the sentence about Alcobaça Monastery with the correct year: Construction began in ______, some 25 years after the first Cistercian monks settled in the Alcobaça region.
  39. Complete the sentence about University of Coimbra with the correct year: Due to its historic influence, architecture, unique culture and traditions, it was declared in ______ a World Heritage Site by…
  40. Complete the sentence about University of Coimbra with the correct year: In ______, during the reign of King Fernando, it was transferred yet again to Lisbon, where it would remain for over a century…
  41. Complete the sentence about University of Coimbra with the correct year: The authorization for a Faculty of Theology probably dates from this period – around ______.
  42. Complete the sentence about Livraria Lello with the correct year: Alternately, in ______, José Lello along with his brother-in-law created the firm David Pereira & Lello.
  43. Complete the sentence with the correct year: In ______, the Chardron Bookstore acquired the establishments of A.
  44. Complete the sentence about Livraria Lello with the correct year: By ______, the bookstore was simply designated as the Lello & Irmão, Lda.
  45. Complete the sentence about Livraria Lello with the correct year: With the ______ addition of José Pereira da Costa, the bookstore began to be known simply as Livraria Lello.
  46. Complete the sentence about Clérigos Church with the correct year: In June ______, the Clérigos Brotherhood announced that after 250 years, the Clérigos Tower and Church will open its doors during nig…
  47. Complete the sentence about Dom Luís I Bridge with the correct year: In ______, Gustave Eiffel presented a project to construct a new bridge over the Douro, with a high single deck in order to facilit…
  48. Complete the sentence about Dom Luís I Bridge with the correct year: On 21 November ______, the public work was awarded to the Belgian Société de Willebroek, from Brussels, for 402 contos.
  49. Complete the sentence about Dom Luís I Bridge with the correct year: On 1 January ______, the toll system was discontinued, and the bridge began to function as a free infrastructure of the municipal a…
  50. Complete the sentence about Dom Luís I Bridge with the correct year: By ______, public works were initiated on the bridge under the direction of engineer Edgar Cardoso, who extended the decks and remo…
  51. Complete the sentence about Dom Luís I Bridge with the correct year: On 27 June ______, the upper deck was closed to motor traffic in order to adapt the structure for the metro system.
  52. Complete the sentence about Lisbon Cathedral with the correct year: In ______, Graça Fonseca, the Portuguese Minister of Culture, determined that the Muslim remains should be preserved.
  53. Complete the sentence about Praça do Comércio with the correct year: Facing the Tagus river to the south, the square hosted Ribeira Palace, the King of Portugal's residence, until the latter was destr…
  54. Complete the sentence about Praça do Comércio with the correct year: In June ______, just a few months before the establishment of the Portuguese Republic, Praça do Comércio was classified as a Nation…
  55. Complete the sentence about Praça do Comércio with the correct year: The centrepiece of the ensemble was the equestrian statue of King José I, inaugurated in ______ in the centre of the square.
  56. Complete the sentence about 25 de Abril Bridge with the correct year: After the Carnation Revolution in ______, which overthrew the remnants of Salazar's Estado Novo regime, the bridge was renamed for…
  57. Complete the sentence about 25 de Abril Bridge with the correct year: As a result, the Minister of Public Works, Duarte Pacheco, created a commission in ______ to analyse the request.
  58. Complete the sentence about Santa Justa Lift with the correct year: In order to facilitate the movement between the two, the civil and military engineer Roberto Arménio presented a project to the Lisb…
  59. Complete the sentence about Santa Justa Lift with the correct year: On 1 June ______, Mesnier, a Porto-born engineer of French parentage, was granted a licence to proceed.
  60. Complete the sentence about Santa Justa Lift with the correct year: In ______ Mesnier petitioned for the concession of this project, in order to establish the Escadinhas de Santa Justa, a request that…
  61. Complete the sentence about Santa Justa Lift with the correct year: The operating concession was given to the company Lisbon Electric Tramway Ltd. in ______.
  62. Complete the sentence about Santa Justa Lift with the correct year: Originally powered by steam, the lift was converted to electrical operation in ______ by the British company R.
  63. Complete the sentence about Santa Justa Lift with the correct year: Waygood, and the respective concessionary company bought the Elevator in ______, from the Empresa do Elevador do Carmo.
  64. Complete the sentence about Santa Justa Lift with the correct year: In ______, the Lisbon Electric Tramway Ltd. solicited the city council to authorize the transfer of the elevator to the Companhia da…
  65. Complete the sentence about São Jorge Castle with the correct year: When Lisbon became the capital of the Kingdom of Portugal in ______, the castle served as the alcáçova, a fortified residence for Af…
  66. Complete the sentence about Bom Jesus do Monte with the correct year: At the end of this stairway, a Baroque church was built around ______ by architect Manuel Pinto Vilalobos.
  67. Complete the sentence about Bom Jesus do Monte with the correct year: Around ______, archbishop Gaspar de Bragança decided to complete the ensemble by adding a third segment of stairways and a new chu…
  68. Complete the sentence about Queluz National Palace with the correct year: Work on the palace began in ______ under Portuguese architect Mateus Vicente de Oliveira.
  69. Complete the sentence about Queluz National Palace with the correct year: Despite being far smaller, the palace is often referred to as the "Portuguese Versailles." From ______, the palace slowly fell…
  70. Complete the sentence about Queluz National Palace with the correct year: Queluz's architecture is representative of an extravagant period of Portuguese culture, which followed the discovery of Brazil…
  71. Complete the sentence about Queluz National Palace with the correct year: On the accession to the throne of Queen Maria I in ______, Pombal was dismissed by the new Queen.
  72. Complete the sentence about Peneda-Gerês National Park with the correct year: Created in May ______, it is the oldest protected area and the only national park in Portugal.
  73. Complete the sentence about Peneda-Gerês National Park with the correct year: In ______, the village of Vilarinho das Furnas was flooded with the construction of a dam on the Homem River.
  74. Complete the sentence about Azores with the correct year: A statue of a man on horseback was found by Diogo de Teive on Corvo Island while discovering the island, as well as Carthaginian coins in ____…
  75. Complete the sentence about Azores with the correct year: In ______ a captain sailing for Prince Henry the Navigator, possibly Gonçalo Velho, may have discovered the Azores, but this is not certain.
  76. Complete the sentence about Madeira with the correct year: Archaeological evidence suggests that the islands may have been visited by the Vikings sometime between 900 and ______.
  77. Complete the sentence about Madeira with the correct year: During the reign of King Edward III of England, lovers Robert Machim and Anna d'Arfet were said to have fled from England to France in ______…
  78. Complete the sentence about Porto Santo Island with the correct year: Bartolomeu Perestrelo, a member of the team that later explored the Madeira Islands, became the first Captain-donatário of Porto S…
  79. Complete the sentence about Porto Santo Island with the correct year: In ______ Barbary Pirates took 663 of the island's inhabitants as slaves following their Sack of Madeira.
  80. Complete the sentence about Pico Island with the correct year: Although the Azores were inhabited since ______, settlement on Pico only started in the 1480s when Pico became part of the neighboring is…
  81. Complete the sentence about Pico Island with the correct year: In a letter dated March 28, ______, the administrator of the Azores, D.
  82. Complete the sentence about Pico Island with the correct year: Examples include the Mistério de São João, resulting from a ______ eruption.
  83. Complete the sentence about São Miguel Island with the correct year: In ______, São Miguel became the second of the islands discovered by Gonçalo Velho Cabral to be settled by colonists from continent…
  84. Complete the sentence about São Miguel Island with the correct year: The first capital of the island was Vila Franca do Campo, which was devastated by the ______ Vila Franca earthquake and landslides.
  85. Complete the sentence about São Miguel Island with the correct year: The tragedy helped to elevate Ponta Delgada to the administrative and economic status of capital and business centre from ______.
  86. Complete the sentence about Berlengas with the correct year: By ______, it had already, during its construction, resisted an assault by three Barbary Coast pirates.
  87. Complete the sentence about Berlengas with the correct year: A new endemic species of snail, Oestophora barrelsi spec. nov was described in ______.
  88. Complete the sentence about Algarve with the correct year: At around the year ______ BC, the Phoenicians founded the city of Cádiz, and, subsequently, coastal ports along the Algarve coast.
  89. Complete the sentence about Iberian lynx with the correct year: Before ______, it was present in Sierra de Gata, Montes de Toledo, eastern Sierra Morena, Sierra de Relumbrar and coastal plains in the…
  90. Complete the sentence about Iberian wolf with the correct year: The Iberian wolf Canis lupus signatus Cabrera ______ is classified as Canis lupus lupus by Mammal Species of the World.
  91. Complete the sentence about Laurisilva with the correct year: The term Lucidophyll, referring to the shiny surface of the leaves, was proposed in ______ by Tatuo Kira.
  92. Complete the sentence about Savage Islands with the correct year: In May ______, a National Geographic Society scientific expedition prompted the extension of the marine reserve.
  93. Complete the sentence about Cape St. Vincent with the correct year: The Franciscan friars who cared for the shrine stayed on until ______, when all monasteries were disbanded in Portugal.
  94. Complete the sentence about Lagoa das Sete Cidades with the correct year: As the existence of a eutrophication process in Sete Cidades lake was already known since the 1980s, the rise of cyanobacteria…
  95. Complete the sentence about Terceira Island with the correct year: In ______, the first official discovery document appeared, attributing the discovery of the Formigas to Gonçalo Velho Cabral.
  96. Complete the sentence about Terceira Island with the correct year: In ______, the reorganization of system of Captaincies was undertaken, resulting in one Captain-General, with his seat in Angra do He…
  97. Complete the sentence about Flores Island, Azores with the correct year: Van der Haegen had arrived in the Azores in ______ and lived for a time on Faial Island by invitation of the first Captain of F…
  98. Complete the sentence about Flores Island, Azores with the correct year: By ______, the island's charter had passed to João Fonseca and settlers streamed through the port of Armoeira to the small haml…
  99. Complete the sentence about Faial Island with the correct year: During the Middle Ages, the island of Faial appeared on the ______ Catalan Atlas as Ilha da Ventura or Insula de La Ventura, meaning Ven…
  100. Complete the sentence about Faial Island with the correct year: By ______, islands in the middle of the Atlantic had been discovered by Portuguese navigators.

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