Turkish Geography

Tr Geography

122 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

Practise Tr Geography now

Random questions from this topic, one at a time. You see the answer and the explanation straight after each one.

All 122 questions

  1. Complete the sentence about Gaziantep with the correct year: In ______, it became part of the County of Edessa, a Crusader state, though it continued to be administered by Armenians, such as Kogh Vasi…
  2. Complete the sentence about Gaziantep with the correct year: The Dulkadirid-controlled city fell to the Ottoman Empire in ______ sometime before the Battle of Marj Dabiq.
  3. Complete the sentence about Kayseri with the correct year: The first, dating to ______ BC, was when the city formed a trade post between the Assyrians and the Hittites.
  4. Complete the sentence about Mersin with the correct year: The Arabs were followed by the Egyptian Tulunids, then by the Byzantines between 965 and c.______ and then by the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia.
  5. Complete the sentence about Eskişehir with the correct year: The city was founded by the Phrygians around ______ BC, although it has been estimated that the site could be older.
  6. Complete the sentence about Eskişehir with the correct year: In ______, it was the site of the significant Battle of Dorylaeum of the First Crusade, in which the Crusaders defeated the Seljuk Turkish…
  7. Complete the sentence about Diyarbakır with the correct year: The name Amit is found in official documents of the Empire of Trebizond from ______.
  8. Complete the sentence about Samsun with the correct year: The city is best known as the place where Mustafa Kemal Atatürk began the Turkish War of Independence in ______.
  9. Complete the sentence about Samsun with the correct year: The city has been known as Samsun since the formation of the Turkish Republic in ______.
  10. Complete the sentence about Sivas with the correct year: Sebasteia was the first important city to be plundered by Turkish tribes in ______.
  11. Complete the sentence about Batman, Turkey with the correct year: In ______, the village was renamed Batman, after the river namesake, received a city status and became a district center.
  12. Complete the sentence about Batman, Turkey with the correct year: In the Syriac Orthodox patriarchal register of dues of ______, it was recorded that the village had 1 household, who paid 10 dues, and…
  13. Complete the sentence about Batman, Turkey with the correct year: The Armenians were attacked by the Belek, Bekran, Şegro, and other Kurdish tribes in May ______ amidst the Armenian genocide.
  14. Complete the sentence about Elazığ with the correct year: The Hurrians, who settled in this area in c. ______ BC, are the earliest known inhabitants of the area.
  15. Complete the sentence about Balıkesir with the correct year: On 3 August ______, a major fire destroyed the centre of the city which was rebuilt later.
  16. Complete the sentence about Kahramanmaraş with the correct year: According to a ______ Cumhuriyet article, the first ruins of the Kurkumaean settlement have already been unearthed in the Dulkadiroğull…
  17. Complete the sentence about Kahramanmaraş with the correct year: In ______, Crusaders led by Tancred retook it with aid from Toros I of Cilician Armenia.
  18. Complete the sentence about Çanakkale with the correct year: The wooden horse from the ______ film Troy is exhibited on the Çanakkale waterfront.
  19. Complete the sentence about Çanakkale with the correct year: From around ______, the British began to call Çanakkale 'Chanak' and 'Kale Sultanie' in their reporting.
  20. Complete the sentence about Edirne with the correct year: The name Adrianople was used in English until the Turkish adoption of the Latin alphabet in ______, after which Edirne became the internationa…
  21. Complete the sentence about Edirne with the correct year: During the period of the Latin Empire of Constantinople, the Crusaders were defeated by the Bulgarian Emperor Kaloyan at the Battle of Adriano…
  22. Complete the sentence about Edirne with the correct year: In ______ the Latin regime gave Adrianople and the surrounding area to the Byzantine aristocrat Theodore Branas as a hereditary fief.
  23. Complete the sentence about Edirne with the correct year: Theodore Komnenos, Despot of Epirus, took possession of it in ______, but three years later was defeated at Klokotnitsa by Emperor Ivan Asen I…
  24. Complete the sentence about Edirne with the correct year: In ______, Andronikos III set up his base in Adrianople, initiating the First Palaiologan civil war against his grandfather, Emperor Androniko…
  25. Complete the sentence about Bodrum with the correct year: The Knights Hospitaller arrived in ______ and used the remains of the Mausoleum as a quarry to build Bodrum Castle.
  26. Complete the sentence about Bodrum with the correct year: After the conquest of Rhodes by Suleiman the Magnificent in ______, the town fell under Ottoman control as the Knights Hospitaller relocated t…
  27. Complete the sentence about Fethiye with the correct year: Telmessos was ruled by the Anatolian beylik of Menteşe starting in ______, under the name Beskaza.
  28. Complete the sentence about Çeşme with the correct year: Chios became part of the Ottoman Empire in an easy campaign led by Piyale Pasha in ______.
  29. Complete the sentence about Çeşme with the correct year: Up until September 16, ______ Greeks still composed the majority population of Çeşme and its environs.
  30. Complete the sentence about Ayvalık with the correct year: In ______ the Ottoman navy suffered a major defeat against the Russians at Çeşme.
  31. Complete the sentence about Ayvalık with the correct year: Until ______ Ayvalık remained an almost entirely Greek settlement.
  32. Complete the sentence about Safranbolu with the correct year: The Old Town preserves many historic buildings, with ______ registered historical artifacts.
  33. Complete the sentence about Safranbolu with the correct year: Safranbolu was added to the list of UNESCO World Heritage sites in ______ due to its well-preserved Ottoman era houses and architecture.
  34. Complete the sentence about Mardin with the correct year: In February ______, the Turkish Ministry of Culture placed Mardin and its surrounding cultural landscape on the country’s Tentative List for U…
  35. Complete the sentence about Mardin with the correct year: From ______ onwards, Mardin served as the capital of one of the two main branches of the Artuqid dynasty, an Oghuz Turkish family who had earl…
  36. Complete the sentence about Mardin with the correct year: When Timur invaded the region in ______, the local Artuqid ruler, 'Isā, submitted to Timurid suzerainty, but the region continued to be disput…
  37. Complete the sentence about Kars with the correct year: The city had an Armenian ethnic majority until it was recaptured by Turkish nationalist forces in late ______.
  38. Complete the sentence about Kars with the correct year: In ______ Gagik-Abas ceded his kingdom to the Byzantine Empire, but soon after Kars was taken by the Seljuk Turks.
  39. Complete the sentence about Kars with the correct year: In ______, Kars was conquered by the Mongols and later the city fell under Georgian influence.
  40. Complete the sentence about Rize with the correct year: From ______, Chaneti province was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire and became a part of the sancak of Lazistan.
  41. Complete the sentence about Giresun with the correct year: Alexios II Megas Komnenos defeated the Turkoman "Koustoganes" at Kerasous in September ______.
  42. Complete the sentence about Giresun with the correct year: From ______ onwards, the Seljuk Turks moved into the area, pursued at times by the Mongols.
  43. Complete the sentence about Ordu with the correct year: Afterwards, it passed to the dominion of the Ottomans in ______ along with the Empire of Trebizond.
  44. Complete the sentence about Ordu with the correct year: On 4 April ______, Ordu province was created by separating from Trebizond Vilayet.
  45. Complete the sentence about Zonguldak with the correct year: In a ______ report, the British Foreign Office spelled Zonguldak Zunguldak.
  46. Complete the sentence about Zonguldak with the correct year: In ______ the port was under the control of the Heraclea Coal Company.
  47. Complete the sentence about Tokat with the correct year: After the death of Sultan Suleiman ibn Qutulmish in ______, the Emir Danishmend Gazi took control of the area, operating from his power base in…
  48. Complete the sentence about Tokat with the correct year: Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University is one of Turkey's newer tertiary institutions, founded in ______.
  49. Complete the sentence about Göreme with the correct year: The village sits within the Göreme National Park which was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in ______.
  50. Complete the sentence about Göreme with the correct year: The native Cappadocian Greek inhabitants relocated to Greece following the ______ Population exchange.
  51. Complete the sentence about Göreme with the correct year: Göreme was little visited by tourists until the 1970s but by ______ had become the tourist capital of Cappadocia.
  52. Complete the sentence about Hatay Province with the correct year: Seljuk rule lasted 14 years until Hatay's capture by the Crusaders in ______, when parts of it became the centre of the Principality o…
  53. Complete the sentence about Bolu with the correct year: After the Battle of Manzikert in ______, in which the Byzantine Empire suffered a defeat against the Seljuks, Turkomans migrating west occupied…
  54. Complete the sentence about Bolu with the correct year: In ______, the town was conquered by the Ottoman Empire under Orhan, becoming known under the present Turkish name - sometimes called Bolou or B…
  55. Complete the sentence about Bolu with the correct year: In the late 19th and early 20th century, following the ______ Vilayetler Nizannamesi, Bolu was part of the Kastamonu Vilayet of the Empire.
  56. Complete the sentence about Hagia Sophia with the correct year: After the fall of Constantinople in ______, it served as a mosque, having its minarets added soon after.
  57. Complete the sentence about Topkapı Palace with the correct year: From the 1460s to the completion of Dolmabahçe Palace in ______, it served as the administrative center of the Ottoman Empire, and was…
  58. Complete the sentence about Topkapı Palace with the correct year: Construction, ordered by the Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror, began in ______, six years after the conquest of Constantinople.
  59. Complete the sentence about Topkapı Palace with the correct year: In ______ Sultan Abdulmejid I decided to move the court to the newly built Dolmabahçe Palace.
  60. Complete the sentence about Topkapı Palace with the correct year: The Topkapı Palace forms a part the Historic Areas of Istanbul, a group of sites in Istanbul that UNESCO recognised as a World Heritag…
  61. Complete the sentence about Dolmabahçe Palace with the correct year: A law that took effect on March 3, ______ transferred ownership of the palace to the national heritage of the new Turkish Republic.
  62. Complete the sentence about Dolmabahçe Palace with the correct year: Atatürk spent the last days of his medical treatment in this palace, where he died on November 10, ______.
  63. Complete the sentence about Grand Bazaar, Istanbul with the correct year: The construction of the Bedesten ended in the winter of ______/61, and the building was endowed to the waqf of the Hagia Sophi…
  64. Complete the sentence about Süleymaniye Mosque with the correct year: The Süleymaniye was damaged in the great fire of ______ and was restored by Sultan Mehmed IV.
  65. Complete the sentence about Maiden's Tower with the correct year: In ______ Byzantine Emperor Alexius Comnenus built a wooden tower protected by a stone wall.
  66. Complete the sentence about Maiden's Tower with the correct year: During the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople in ______, the tower held a Byzantine garrison commanded by the Venetian Gabriele Trevis…
  67. Complete the sentence about Maiden's Tower with the correct year: Then in ______ it was restored again, shortly before appearing in the James Bond movie The World Is Not Enough.
  68. Complete the sentence about Bosphorus Bridge with the correct year: The decision to build a bridge across the Bosphorus was taken in ______ by Prime Minister Adnan Menderes.
  69. Complete the sentence about Bosphorus Bridge with the correct year: For the structural engineering work, a contract was signed with the British firm Freeman Fox & Partners in ______.
  70. Complete the sentence about Bosphorus Bridge with the correct year: Construction started in February ______ and ceremonies were attended by President Cevdet Sunay and Prime Minister Süleyman Demirel.
  71. Complete the sentence about Golden Horn with the correct year: In ______, during the Fourth Crusade, Venetian ships were able to break the chain with a ram.
  72. Complete the sentence about Golden Horn with the correct year: During World War 1, the area was bombed by the British forces in ______.
  73. Complete the sentence about Sea of Marmara with the correct year: The North Anatolian Fault runs under the sea and has triggered several major earthquakes, such as the Izmit and Düzce in August and No…
  74. Complete the sentence about Aegean Sea with the correct year: The Greek War of Independence allowed a Greek state on the coast of the Aegean from ______ onwards.
  75. Complete the sentence about Mediterranean Sea with the correct year: Around ______ BC the eastern Mediterranean was greatly affected by the Bronze Age Collapse, which resulted in the destruction of ma…
  76. Complete the sentence about Hierapolis with the correct year: Hierapolis was added as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in ______.
  77. Complete the sentence about Troy with the correct year: The site was excavated by Frank Calvert and Heinrich Schliemann from ______.
  78. Complete the sentence about Aphrodisias with the correct year: Caria was sacked by the rebel Theodore Mankaphas in ______ with Turkish support.
  79. Complete the sentence about Göbekli Tepe with the correct year: German archaeologist Klaus Schmidt recognised its significance in ______ and began excavations there the following year.
  80. Complete the sentence about Nemrut Dağ with the correct year: In ______, Mount Nemrut was made a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.
  81. Complete the sentence about Mount Ararat with the correct year: The mountain came under Turkish control during the ______ Turkish invasion of Armenia.
  82. Complete the sentence about Lake Van with the correct year: The first acoustic survey of Lake Van was performed in ______.
  83. Complete the sentence about Eastern Anatolia Region with the correct year: Beginning in ______, the name Armenia was forbidden to be used in official documents of the Ottoman Empire, in an attempt to…
  84. Complete the sentence about Sumela Monastery with the correct year: Dating back to ancient times, it was in use until the Greco-Turkish population exchange in ______.
  85. Complete the sentence about Sumela Monastery with the correct year: In ______ and for the following decades, the monastery housed the Phrontisterion of Trapezous, a well-known Greek educational instit…
  86. Complete the sentence about Sumela Monastery with the correct year: In ______, the Ottoman Empire collapsed and after the National War of Liberation, an independent Turkish Republic was founded by Ata…
  87. Complete the sentence about Ani with the correct year: Between 961 and ______, it was the capital of the Bagratuni Armenian kingdom that covered much of present-day Armenia and eastern Turkey.
  88. Complete the sentence about Ani with the correct year: Renowned for its splendor, Ani was sacked by the Mongols in ______.
  89. Complete the sentence about Kaymakli Underground City with the correct year: First opened to tourists in ______, the village is about 19 km from Nevşehir, on the Nevşehir-Niğde road.
  90. Complete the sentence about Myra with the correct year: When the traveler Charles Fellows saw the tombs in ______ he found them still colorfully painted red, yellow and blue.
  91. Complete the sentence about Anadolu Hisarı with the correct year: Constantinople was blockaded from ______ on, but Bayezid's campaign was first interrupted by the Crusade of Nicopolis, and then ended…
  92. Complete the sentence about Hagia Irene with the correct year: After the Fall of Constantinople in ______ by Mehmed II, the church was enclosed inside the walls of the Topkapi palace.
  93. Complete the sentence about Taksim Square with the correct year: The monument commemorates the 5th anniversary of the foundation of the Republic of Turkey in ______, following the Turkish War of Indep…
  94. Complete the sentence about İstiklal Avenue with the correct year: A monument, erected in ______, commemorates the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Turkish Republic.
  95. Complete the sentence about İstiklal Avenue with the correct year: On 19 March ______, an Islamic State suicide bombing on Istiklal Avenue killed five people.
  96. Complete the sentence about İstiklal Avenue with the correct year: On 13 November ______, a bomb explosion on Istiklal Avenue killed 6 people and left 81 injured.
  97. Complete the sentence about Kadıköy with the correct year: Previously known as Chalcedon during ancient and Byzantine times, it was renamed Kadıköy following the ______ Ottoman conquest.
  98. Complete the sentence about Kadıköy with the correct year: Thus, Kadıköy has the oldest mosque in Istanbul, built almost a century before the conquest of Constantinople in ______.
  99. Complete the sentence about Anıtkabir with the correct year: On 10 November ______, Atatürk's remains were transferred here in a ceremony.
  100. Complete the sentence about Rüstem Pasha Mosque with the correct year: Sultan Suleiman I authorized the project in ______ after the Grand Vizier's death.

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