Turkish History and Culture

Tr History And Culture

325 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

All 325 questions

  1. Complete the sentence about Necmettin Erbakan with the correct year: In the wake of the ______ military coup, Erbakan and his party were banned from politics.
  2. Complete the sentence about Recep Tayyip Erdoğan with the correct year: Following the ______ local elections, Erdoğan was elected mayor of Istanbul.
  3. Complete the sentence about Abdullah Gül with the correct year: Gül subsequently served as Minister of Foreign Affairs and Deputy Prime Minister until ______.
  4. Complete the sentence about Binali Yıldırım with the correct year: Factions of the Turkish Army in discontent with his policies attempted to oust him in a failed military coup d'état attempt on 15 Jul…
  5. Complete the sentence about Binali Yıldırım with the correct year: The office of Prime Minister of Turkey was abolished as a result of the ______ constitutional referendum.
  6. Complete the sentence about Ahmet Necdet Sezer with the correct year: Following the ______ presidential election, he took an ardent secularist approach on issues such as the headscarf, holding the vie…
  7. Complete the sentence with the correct year: In ______, he received an LL.M. in civil law from the Faculty of Law in Ankara University.
  8. Complete the sentence about Ahmet Necdet Sezer with the correct year: On 8 March ______, Sezer was elected as a member of the High Court of Appeals.
  9. Complete the sentence about Kenan Evren with the correct year: Finally, an anti-secularist rally organised by Islamists in Konya on 6 September ______ was the last straw.
  10. Complete the sentence about Kenan Evren with the correct year: The council of ______ was composed of the commanders Kenan Evren, the Chief of Staff and President of the State.
  11. Complete the sentence about Kenan Evren with the correct year: On 2 August ______, a reported plan for assassinating Evren was thwarted when two men were apprehended and arrested in Muğla.
  12. Complete the sentence about Justice and Development Party with the correct year: Founded in ______ by members of a number of parties such as FP, MHP, ANAP and DYP, the party has a strong base of suppo…
  13. Complete the sentence about Justice and Development Party with the correct year: Since the beginning of Turkey's multiparty democracy in ______, the AKP is the only party to win seven consecutive parl…
  14. Complete the sentence about Republican People's Party with the correct year: Under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, these groups united at the ______ Sivas Congress.
  15. Complete the sentence about Republican People's Party with the correct year: Founded as the 'People's Party' in ______, the organisation adopted the prefix 'Republican' shortly after the proclamation…
  16. Complete the sentence with the correct year: Since ______, Bahçeli and the MHP has been a key ally of Erdoğan and the AKP.
  17. Complete the sentence about Nationalist Movement Party with the correct year: In ______, Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu and five other deputies separated and founded the Great Union Party, which is an Islamist par…
  18. Complete the sentence about Peoples' Democratic Party with the correct year: From September ______, the Turkish judiciary started to submit HDP elected officials to anti-terrorism accusations.
  19. Complete the sentence about Kurdistan Workers' Party with the correct year: Following the military coup of ______, the Kurdish language was officially prohibited in public and private life.
  20. Complete the sentence about Kurdistan Workers' Party with the correct year: In August ______ a law was passed by the Turkish parliament which would give conditional pardon for thousands of fighters in…
  21. Complete the sentence about Kurdish–Turkish conflict with the correct year: In ______, an uprising for an independent Kurdistan, led by Shaikh Said Piran, was quickly put down, and soon afterward, Sai…
  22. Complete the sentence about Kurdish–Turkish conflict with the correct year: The Bitlis uprising was a Kurdish uprising in the Ottoman Empire in early ______.
  23. Complete the sentence with the correct year: All this disappeared in the ______ Treaty of Lausanne, however.
  24. Complete the sentence about Kurdish–Turkish conflict with the correct year: The main rebellion which dominates the history of the Kurds in Turkey is that of the ______ rebellion in Kurdistan region of…
  25. Complete the sentence about Turkish invasion of Cyprus with the correct year: Turkey invaded Cyprus on 20 July ______ in an operation that progressed in two phases over the following month.
  26. Complete the sentence about Turkish invasion of Cyprus with the correct year: Following the breakdown of peace talks, Turkish forces enlarged their original beachhead in August ______ resulting in the…
  27. Complete the sentence about Turkish invasion of Cyprus with the correct year: The ceasefire line from August ______ became the United Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus and is commonly referred to as the G…
  28. Complete the sentence about Turkish invasion of Cyprus with the correct year: Article 20 of the Treaty of Lausanne in ______ marked the end of the Turkish claim to the island.
  29. Complete the sentence about Cyprus dispute with the correct year: The problem entered its current phase in the aftermath of the ______ Turkish invasion of Cyprus, which resulted in the Turks occupying…
  30. Complete the sentence about Cyprus dispute with the correct year: Although the invasion was triggered by the ______ coup d'état, Turkish forces refused to depart after the legitimate government was re…
  31. Complete the sentence about Cyprus dispute with the correct year: The United Nations Security Council Resolution 550 of ______ calls for members of the United Nations to not recognize the Turkish Repu…
  32. Complete the sentence about Turkey–European Union relations with the correct year: On 26 June ______, the EU's General Affairs Council noted that "Turkey has been moving further away from the European…
  33. Complete the sentence about Turkey–European Union relations with the correct year: During World War II, Turkey remained neutral until February ______, when it joined the Allies.
  34. Complete the sentence with the correct year: Negotiations for full membership were started on 3 October ______.
  35. Complete the sentence about Accession of Turkey to the European Union with the correct year: Progress was slow: out of the 35 chapters necessary to complete the accession process, only 16 had been ope…
  36. Complete the sentence about Turkey in the Korean War with the correct year: On 29 June ______, the Republic of Turkey replied to the United Nations Resolution 83 requesting military aid to South Korea…
  37. Complete the sentence about President of Turkey with the correct year: The office of the president was established with the proclamation of the republic on 29 October ______.
  38. Complete the sentence about Court of Cassation with the correct year: The first modern court of appeals, Divan-ı Ahkam-ı Adliye, which was the first form of today's Yargıtay, was established during th…
  39. Complete the sentence about Court of Cassation with the correct year: When Istanbul came under the reign of the national government on 4 November ______, the courts were united by transferring the fil…
  40. Complete the sentence about Court of Cassation with the correct year: The Temporary Committee of Appeals moved from Sivas to Eskişehir on 14 November ______, due to better transportation potential.
  41. Complete the sentence about Court of Cassation with the correct year: In ______, the Supreme Court of Appeals moved to its new building in Ankara, which was built by the renowned Austrian architect Cl…
  42. Complete the sentence about Turkish lira with the correct year: The Ottoman lira remained in circulation until the end of ______.
  43. Complete the sentence about Turkish lira with the correct year: From ______, a series of hard, then soft pegs to the dollar operated as the value of the Turkish lira began to fall.
  44. Complete the sentence about Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey with the correct year: As a result, the Ottoman Bank, headquartered in London, was established with English capital in ______.
  45. Complete the sentence about Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey with the correct year: In ______, the Minister of Finance Abdülhalik Renda submitted a draft bill on the establishment of a central b…
  46. Complete the sentence about Economy of Turkey with the correct year: Ratified in ______, the European Union–Turkey Customs Union is a free trade area between Turkey and the European Union.
  47. Complete the sentence about Armenian genocide with the correct year: Large-scale massacres of Armenians had occurred in the 1890s and ______.
  48. Complete the sentence about Armenian genocide with the correct year: During their invasion of Russian and Persian territory in ______, Ottoman paramilitaries massacred local Armenians.
  49. Complete the sentence about Armenian genocide with the correct year: On 24 April ______, Ottoman authorities arrested and deported hundreds of Armenian intellectuals and leaders from Constantinople.
  50. Complete the sentence about Great Fire of Smyrna with the correct year: The fire started on 13 September ______ and was largely extinguished on 22 September.
  51. Complete the sentence about Population exchange between Greece and Turkey with the correct year: Historian Dinah Shelton similarly wrote that "the Lausanne Treaty of ______ completed the process of th…
  52. Complete the sentence about Montreux Convention Regarding the Regime of the Straits with the correct year: In the note, Turkish Foreign Minister Tevfik Rüştü Aras explained that the international situ…
  53. Complete the sentence about Montreux Convention Regarding the Regime of the Straits with the correct year: As mentioned in its preamble, the Convention replaced the terms of the Lausanne Treaty of ___…
  54. Complete the sentence about Sèvres syndrome with the correct year: According to a ______ OSAF research, 43% of Turks believe that reforms of European Union is just a different version of the Ottoman c…
  55. Complete the sentence about Hatay State with the correct year: Then it was attached to the State of Aleppo, then in ______ it was directly attached to the State of Syria, still with a special administ…
  56. Complete the sentence about Hatay State with the correct year: Turkish policy aimed at annexing the Sanjak of Alexandretta when the French mandate of Syria was due to expire in ______.
  57. Complete the sentence about Hatay State with the correct year: On 2 September ______, the sanjak assembly proclaimed the Sanjak of Alexandretta as the Hatay State.
  58. Complete the sentence about Hatay State with the correct year: On 29 June ______, following a referendum, the Hatay legislature voted to disestablish the Hatay State and join Turkey.
  59. Complete the sentence about Hatay State with the correct year: By 23 July ______, the last vestiges of the French Mandate authorities had left Antakya, and the territory was fully annexed by Turkey.
  60. Complete the sentence about Alexandretta with the correct year: The city became part of the Hatay State which in turn united with Turkey in ______.
  61. Complete the sentence about Dersim rebellion with the correct year: In an Interior Ministry report in ______, it was considered necessary to use force against the aghas of Dersim.
  62. Complete the sentence about Dersim rebellion with the correct year: The ______ Turkish census had recorded 556 Armenian-speakers living there.
  63. Complete the sentence about Dersim rebellion with the correct year: On 1 November ______, during a speech in parliament, Atatürk described Dersim as Turkey's most important interior problem.
  64. Complete the sentence about Dersim rebellion with the correct year: The Turkification process began with the ______ Turkish Resettlement Law.
  65. Complete the sentence about Dersim rebellion with the correct year: In ______, the Tunceli Law was passed to apply the Resettlement Law to the newly named region of Tunceli, previously known as Dersim…
  66. Complete the sentence about Six Arrows with the correct year: The principles of the Six Arrows were added to the Turkish Constitution on 5 February ______.
  67. Complete the sentence about Six Arrows with the correct year: From August ______ the flag was hoisted at all official buildings.
  68. Complete the sentence about Pan-Turkism with the correct year: In ______, the Tatar theologian Ghabdennasir Qursawi wrote a treatise calling for the modernization of Islam.
  69. Complete the sentence about Pan-Turkism with the correct year: After ______, many supporters of Turkic unity immigrated to the Ottoman Empire.
  70. Complete the sentence about Pan-Turkism with the correct year: The first publication of "Three Types of Policy" had a negative reaction, but it became more influential by its third publication in ____…
  71. Complete the sentence about Pan-Turkism with the correct year: In ______, the Committee of Union and Progress came to power in Ottoman Turkey, and the empire adopted a nationalistic ideology.
  72. Complete the sentence about Gezi Park protests with the correct year: A wave of demonstrations and civil unrest in Turkey began on 28 May ______, initially to contest the urban development plan for Is…
  73. Complete the sentence about Gezi Park protests with the correct year: Under its rule the economy of Turkey recovered from the ______ financial crisis and recession, driven in particular by a construct…
  74. Complete the sentence about Gezi Park protests with the correct year: At the same time, particularly since ______, it has been accused of driving forward an Islamist agenda, having undermined the secu…
  75. Complete the sentence about Gezi Park protests with the correct year: Since ______, the AKP has increased restrictions on freedom of speech, freedom of the press, Internet use, television content, and…
  76. Complete the sentence about Operation Olive Branch with the correct year: After Syrian government forces pulled out of Afrin in ______, Kurdish YPG forces took control of the territory.
  77. Complete the sentence about Operation Olive Branch with the correct year: In February ______, during the latter part of the Battle of Aleppo, Syrian government forces cut off the rebel supply route to…
  78. Complete the sentence about Turkish Straits with the correct year: Since ______, they have been governed in accordance with the Montreux Convention.
  79. Complete the sentence about Turkish Straits with the correct year: Imperial Russia had had its own scheme to seize the straits in ______.
  80. Complete the sentence about Turkish Straits with the correct year: The March ______ February Revolution in Petrograd led to the abandonment of the proposed attack on the Straits.
  81. Complete the sentence about Erzurum Congress with the correct year: In February ______, French general Franchet d'Espèrey led a Greek occupation force into the city.
  82. Complete the sentence about Erzurum Congress with the correct year: By the end of ______, regional resistance groups were already beginning to form called "Associations for the Defense of Rights" or M…
  83. Complete the sentence about Erzurum Congress with the correct year: The turning point in the Turkish National Movement began on 14 May ______ when Greek occupation forces landed in the city of Smyrna…
  84. Complete the sentence about Battle of Dumlupınar with the correct year: The battle was fought from 26 to 30 August ______ near Dumlupınar, Kütahya in Turkey.
  85. Complete the sentence about Mudanya Armistice with the correct year: The Kingdom of Greece acceded to the armistice on 14 October ______.
  86. Complete the sentence about Treaty of Kars with the correct year: The treaty was signed in the city of Kars on 13 October ______.
  87. Complete the sentence about Treaty of Kars with the correct year: The last four parties would become constituent parts of the Soviet Union after the victory of the Bolsheviks in the Russian Civil War…
  88. Complete the sentence about Treaty of Kars with the correct year: The Treaty of Kars reaffirmed the terms of the earlier Treaty of Moscow concluded in ______ between the Grand National Assembly of Tur…
  89. Complete the sentence about Treaty of Kars with the correct year: In ______, the area was officially declared as the Nakhichevan ASSR subordinate to the Azerbaijan SSR.
  90. Complete the sentence about Treaty of Alexandropol with the correct year: The treaty formally ended Turkey's invasion of Armenia that had begun on 12 September ______.
  91. Complete the sentence about Treaty of Ankara with the correct year: The treaty was registered in League of Nations Treaty Series on 30 August ______.
  92. Complete the sentence about Treaty of Ankara with the correct year: The new border was recognized in the subsequent Treaty of Lausanne in ______.
  93. Complete the sentence about Lausanne Conference of 1922–1923 with the correct year: The conference opened in November ______, with representatives from Great Britain, France, Italy and Turkey.
  94. Complete the sentence about Lausanne Conference of 1922–1923 with the correct year: On 30 January ______, it issued a statement that it did not consider the draft treaty to be any more than a basis of…
  95. Complete the sentence about Lausanne Conference of 1922–1923 with the correct year: On 4 February ______, Curzon made a final appeal to İsmet İnönü to sign, and when he refused, Curzon broke off negot…
  96. Complete the sentence about Lausanne Conference of 1922–1923 with the correct year: Preliminary meetings, taking place in Paris between Curzon and French Prime Minister Raymond Poincaré on 18 November…
  97. Complete the sentence about Republic Day with the correct year: The holiday commemorates the events of 29 October ______, when Mustafa Kemal Atatürk declared that Turkey was henceforth a republic.
  98. Complete the sentence about Republic Day with the correct year: According to Law No. 2429 of ______, Republic Day is a national holiday, so all public institution are closed on that day.
  99. Complete the sentence with the correct year: With the Law No. 3466 dated June 20, ______ and with the initiatives of Beşiktaş J.K.
  100. Complete the sentence about Commemoration of Atatürk, Youth and Sports Day with the correct year: In one of his speeches, he declared that he considers his birthday as May 19, in clear reference to th…

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