Peruvian History and Politics

History And Politics

249 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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All 249 questions

  1. Complete the sentence about History of Peru with the correct year: Peru declared independence from Spain in ______, but achieved independence only after the Battle of Ayacucho three years later.
  2. Complete the sentence about Tiwanaku with the correct year: The site was first recorded in written history in ______ by Spanish conquistador Pedro Cieza de León while he was searching for the southern…
  3. Complete the sentence about Tiwanaku with the correct year: Beginning in the 1970s, Carlos Ponce Sanginés proposed the site was first occupied around ______ BC, the site's oldest radiocarbon date.
  4. Complete the sentence about Inca Empire with the correct year: The Portuguese explorer Aleixo Garcia was the first European to reach the Inca Empire in ______.
  5. Complete the sentence about Túpac Inca Yupanqui with the correct year: Topa Inca died about ______ in Chincheros, leaving two legitimate sons and 90 illegitimate sons and daughters.
  6. Complete the sentence about Huayna Capac with the correct year: Huayna Capac died in ______, possibly from a European disease introduced to the Americas by the Spaniards.
  7. Complete the sentence about Atahualpa with the correct year: Atahualpa was the son of the emperor Huayna Cápac, who died around ______ along with his successor, Ninan Cuyochi, in a smallpox epidemic.
  8. Complete the sentence about Atahualpa with the correct year: In November ______, they captured Atahualpa during an ambush at Cajamarca.
  9. Complete the sentence about Manco Inca Yupanqui with the correct year: Manco Inca, one of the more than 50 sons of Huayna Capac, was born in Cuzco in ______.
  10. Complete the sentence about Manco Inca Yupanqui with the correct year: On 14 November ______, he met the conquistador Francisco Pizarro and his contingent, both Inca and Spanish.
  11. Complete the sentence about Manco Inca Yupanqui with the correct year: The Pizarro brothers so mistreated Manco Inca that he ultimately tried to escape in ______.
  12. Complete the sentence about Manco Inca Yupanqui with the correct year: Here, Manco successfully defended attacks by the Spaniards in the battle of Ollantaytambo in January ______.
  13. Complete the sentence about Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire with the correct year: When the Spanish arrived at the borders of the Inca Empire in ______, it spanned a considerable area and was by f…
  14. Complete the sentence about Francisco Pizarro with the correct year: In ______, Pizarro obtained permission from the Crown of Castile to lead a campaign to conquer Peru and went on his third, and succ…
  15. Complete the sentence about Francisco Pizarro with the correct year: After a series of manoeuvres that heavily relied on the Spanish guns and cavalry, Pizarro captured the Inca emperor Atahualpa at th…
  16. Complete the sentence about Diego de Almagro with the correct year: In the battle of Las Salinas in ______, Almagro was defeated by the Pizarro brothers and months later he was executed.
  17. Complete the sentence about Battle of Cajamarca with the correct year: By ______ Pizarro had taken her as his mistress, and she gave birth to two of Pizarro's sons, Juan and Francisco.
  18. Complete the sentence about Battle of Cajamarca with the correct year: Only the first 18 unpublished chapters of Part One were known until the complete manuscript was found and published in ______.
  19. Complete the sentence about Viceroyalty of Peru with the correct year: During this first stage, beginning in ______, Peruvian conspiracies and autonomous uprisings occurred, which were suppressed by t…
  20. Complete the sentence about Túpac Amaru II with the correct year: On 16 November, ______, Túpac Amaru II decreed the abolition of slavery for Black people for the first time in Spanish America.
  21. Complete the sentence about Túpac Amaru II with the correct year: Although Túpac Amaru II was not a precursor to independence in the modern sense, his ______ rebellion has been the subject of multiple…
  22. Complete the sentence about Túpac Amaru II with the correct year: On May 1, ______, Túpac Amaru II was baptized by Santiago José Lopez in a church in Tungasuca.
  23. Complete the sentence about Rebellion of Túpac Amaru II with the correct year: Túpac Amaru II was captured after being betrayed when retreating to Langui after the defeat in the Battle of Combapata on…
  24. Complete the sentence about Rebellion of Túpac Amaru II with the correct year: Despite the death of Túpac Amaru II, Túpac Katari and Diego Cristóbal Túpac Amaru continued the rebellion in until ______…
  25. Complete the sentence about Rebellion of Túpac Amaru II with the correct year: On 16 November ______, Túpac Amaru issued a proclamation decreeing the emancipation of Afro-Peruvian and African slaves.
  26. Complete the sentence about Francisco de Toledo with the correct year: Francisco de Toledo was born on 15 July ______ in Oropesa, Castile belonging to the noble family Álvarez de Toledo.
  27. Complete the sentence about Francisco de Toledo with the correct year: The stay lasted until February 3, ______, when the works in Yuste were finished, final resting place of Charles I.
  28. Complete the sentence about José de San Martín with the correct year: In ______, after taking part in the Peninsular War against France, San Martín contacted South American supporters of independence…
  29. Complete the sentence about José de San Martín with the correct year: In ______, he set sail for Buenos Aires and offered his services to the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata, present-day Argen…
  30. Complete the sentence about José de San Martín with the correct year: On 12 July ______, after seizing partial control of Lima, San Martín was appointed Protector of Peru, and Peruvian independence wa…
  31. Complete the sentence about José de San Martín with the correct year: On 26 July ______, after a closed-door meeting with fellow libertador Simón Bolívar at Guayaquil, Ecuador, Bolívar took over the t…
  32. Complete the sentence about José de San Martín with the correct year: San Martín unexpectedly left the country and resigned the command of his army, excluding himself from politics and the military, a…
  33. Complete the sentence about José de San Martín with the correct year: After the order he was expelled from Hispanic America by Carlos III in ______ based in Yapeyú reduction.
  34. Complete the sentence about Simón Bolívar with the correct year: In ______, Bolívar returned to Venezuela and promoted Venezuelan independence to other wealthy creoles.
  35. Complete the sentence about Simón Bolívar with the correct year: After Spanish forces subdued New Granada in ______, Bolívar was forced into exile on Jamaica.
  36. Complete the sentence about Antonio José de Sucre with the correct year: Born to an aristocratic family in Cumaná, Sucre joined the revolt against Spanish rule in ______ and quickly established himsel…
  37. Complete the sentence about Antonio José de Sucre with the correct year: In ______, he led the Patriot forces to triumph at the Battle of Pichincha and liberated Quito, from which modern Ecuador would…
  38. Complete the sentence about Antonio José de Sucre with the correct year: Charles de Sucre y Pardo served as a soldier in Catalonia in ______ and was later named Governor of Cartagena de Indias and Cap…
  39. Complete the sentence about Antonio José de Sucre with the correct year: On 22 December ______, Charles de Sucre y Pardo arrived in Cumaná, Venezuela, having been named Governor of New Andalucia, whic…
  40. Complete the sentence about Antonio José de Sucre with the correct year: In ______, Antonio José de Sucre joined the fight for South American independence from Spain.
  41. Complete the sentence about Antonio José de Sucre with the correct year: The Battle of Pichincha took place on 24 May ______, on the slopes of the Pichincha volcano, near Quito in what is now Ecuador.
  42. Complete the sentence about Battle of Junín with the correct year: The Battle of Junín was a large cavalry engagement of the Peruvian War of Independence, fought in the highlands of the Junín Region o…
  43. Complete the sentence about Battle of Junín with the correct year: The patriot victory paved the way for a final triumph over the Spanish, after the Peruvian Independence was proclaimed 3 years before…
  44. Complete the sentence about Battle of Ayacucho with the correct year: By the end of ______, Royalists still had control of most of southern Peru, as well as the Real Felipe Fortress in the port of Cal…
  45. Complete the sentence about Battle of Ayacucho with the correct year: In January ______, Spain underwent a political upheaval, beginning with a revolt against the king, Ferdinand VII.
  46. Complete the sentence about Battle of Ayacucho with the correct year: In the subsequent weeks the revolt spread, and King Ferdinand was forced to restore the liberal Spanish Constitution of ______, wh…
  47. Complete the sentence about Battle of Ayacucho with the correct year: Sucre decided to evacuate the Gran Colombian troops, setting sail on 10 October ______, saving himself and his troops, although lo…
  48. Complete the sentence about Protectorate of Peru with the correct year: Among the war's most important events was the proclamation of Peruvian independence by José de San Martín on July 28, ______.
  49. Complete the sentence about Peru–Bolivian Confederation with the correct year: The geographical limits of the Confederation varied over time, with Bolivia occupying and incorporating certain disputed…
  50. Complete the sentence about Peru–Bolivian Confederation with the correct year: After the latter's triumph in ______, assemblies were soon established to make way for the creation of the Confederation.
  51. Complete the sentence about Peru–Bolivian Confederation with the correct year: The Sicuani Assembly was established on 16 March ______, and closed on 22 March.
  52. Complete the sentence about Peru–Bolivian Confederation with the correct year: The Huaura Assembly lasted from 3 to 24 August ______, and featured representatives from La Libertad, Lima, Huaylas, Mayn…
  53. Complete the sentence about Andrés de Santa Cruz with the correct year: Santa Cruz was born on 30 November ______, in the town of Huarina, La Paz.
  54. Complete the sentence about Andrés de Santa Cruz with the correct year: As a reward for his actions, Santa Cruz received the titles of Marshal and Prefect of Chuquisaca in April ______.
  55. Complete the sentence about Andrés de Santa Cruz with the correct year: Santa Cruz temporarily assumed the post of President until 9 June ______, when José La Mar was elected by Congress.
  56. Complete the sentence about Chincha Islands War with the correct year: The Spanish ships arrived at the port of Valparaíso, Chile, on April 18, ______.
  57. Complete the sentence about Chincha Islands War with the correct year: The vessels left Chile in July ______ amicably and moved on to Peru.
  58. Complete the sentence about Chincha Islands War with the correct year: Even though Spain had never recognized Peruvian independence, which had been declared in ______, the squadron received a friendly…
  59. Complete the sentence about Chincha Islands War with the correct year: On August 4, ______, an incident took place at the Talambo hacienda, in Lambayeque, Peru.
  60. Complete the sentence about War of the Pacific with the correct year: Bolivia withdrew after the Battle of Tacna, on 26 May ______, leaving allied Peru fighting alone for most of the war.
  61. Complete the sentence about War of the Pacific with the correct year: Chilean forces occupied Peru's capital Lima in January ______.
  62. Complete the sentence about War of the Pacific with the correct year: Chile and Peru signed the Treaty of Ancón on 20 October ______.
  63. Complete the sentence about War of the Pacific with the correct year: In ______, Chile and Bolivia signed the Treaty of Peace and Friendship, which established definite boundaries.
  64. Complete the sentence about War of the Pacific with the correct year: The ______ Tacna–Arica compromise gave Arica to Chile and Tacna to Peru.
  65. Complete the sentence about Miguel Grau with the correct year: Miguel Grau was born in Paita on 27 July ______ in the house of Dr.
  66. Complete the sentence about Miguel Grau with the correct year: In ______, at the age of 19, he left the merchant marine and became an officer candidate of the Peruvian Navy, where he developed an outs…
  67. Complete the sentence about Miguel Grau with the correct year: On returning in ______, he was sent to Europe to oversee the construction of ships for the Peruvian fleet.
  68. Complete the sentence about Miguel Grau with the correct year: Among these ships was the ironclad Huáscar, launched in ______ by Laird at Birkenhead.
  69. Complete the sentence about Alfonso Ugarte with the correct year: At an early age, he was sent by his parents to the Chilean port of Valparaíso, where he was educated, finishing his studies in ______.
  70. Complete the sentence about Alfonso Ugarte with the correct year: Ugarte's body was found at the bottom of the cliff, according to a recorded statement by José Diego Chávez, then priest of Arica, date…
  71. Complete the sentence with the correct year: On July 8, ______, is 15-page last will and testament were read in Arequipa.
  72. Complete the sentence about Treaty of Ancón with the correct year: The Treaty of Ancón was a peace treaty signed by Chile and Peru on 20 October ______, in Ancón, near Lima.
  73. Complete the sentence about Treaty of Ancón with the correct year: Cáceres himself was defeated at the Battle of Huamachuco on 10 July ______.
  74. Complete the sentence about Treaty of Ancón with the correct year: The plebiscite was never held in the end, with the status quo remaining until ______, when the Treaty of Lima was signed.
  75. Complete the sentence about Andrés A. Cáceres with the correct year: Andrés Avelino Cáceres was born on 10 November ______, in the city of Ayacucho.
  76. Complete the sentence about Andrés A. Cáceres with the correct year: In ______, Cáceres abandoned his studies and joined the Ayacucho Battalion as a cadet.
  77. Complete the sentence about Andrés A. Cáceres with the correct year: Afterwards, he quickly ascended through the military, obtaining the rank of Second Lieutenant later that year and that of Lieutenan…
  78. Complete the sentence about Andrés A. Cáceres with the correct year: When war broke out between Peru and Ecuador in ______, Cáceres was still ailing from his wound, but took part in the campaign.
  79. Complete the sentence about Andrés A. Cáceres with the correct year: After the conflict ended in ______, Castilla appointed Cáceres as military attaché of the Peruvian delegation to France and he trav…
  80. Complete the sentence about Andrés A. Cáceres with the correct year: Cáceres returned to Peru in ______ and joined the Pichincha Battalion in Huancayo.
  81. Complete the sentence about Nicolás de Piérola with the correct year: In ______, he overthrew the Andrés Avelino Cáceres government.
  82. Complete the sentence about Nicolás de Piérola with the correct year: On May 6, ______, in an attempt to overthrow the government of Mariano Ignacio Prado, the ironclad "Huáscar" was seized at Callao…
  83. Complete the sentence about Aristocratic Republic with the correct year: The only interruption of this succession occurred in ______ when, due to differences between the Civilista Party and Guillermo…
  84. Complete the sentence about Oncenio with the correct year: Leguía, who won the elections of ______ but soon after took power through a coup d'état as president-elect on July 4 of the same year.
  85. Complete the sentence about Oncenio with the correct year: All of this pushed Leguía to carry out a coup d'état, which was carried out in the early hours of July 4, ______.
  86. Complete the sentence about Oncenio with the correct year: The new constitution was approved in the National Assembly, which replaced that of ______.
  87. Complete the sentence about Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre with the correct year: In ______, his party was again banned and after the coup d'état by general Manuel A.
  88. Complete the sentence about Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre with the correct year: In ______, he contributed to the electoral victory of Manuel Prado Ugarteche, initiating the so-called "coexistence".
  89. Complete the sentence about American Popular Revolutionary Alliance with the correct year: Abelardo Mendoza Leyva, an Aprista, later assassinated President Sánchez Cerro on 30 April ______.
  90. Complete the sentence about José Carlos Mariátegui with the correct year: In ______, his father Francisco Javier Mariátegui died in the port of Callao.
  91. Complete the sentence about José Carlos Mariátegui with the correct year: All of this appears corroborated in a letter from Mariategui to Victoria Ferrer, dated January 24, ______.
  92. Complete the sentence about Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro with the correct year: On August 22, ______, as a lieutenant-colonel, he overturned the eleven-year dictatorship of Augusto B.
  93. Complete the sentence about Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro with the correct year: Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro was born in Piura on August 12, ______, to Antonio Sánchez and Rosa Cerro.
  94. Complete the sentence about Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro with the correct year: In ______ he was again shot and injured when captured in Lima, in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow President Leguía.
  95. Complete the sentence about Fernando Belaúnde Terry with the correct year: Belaúnde's ______ candidacy was ultimately unsuccessful, as the dictatorship-favored right-wing candidacy of Manuel Prado too…
  96. Complete the sentence about Fernando Belaúnde Terry with the correct year: Belaúnde ran for president once again in the general elections of ______, this time with his own party, Acción Popular.
  97. Complete the sentence about Juan Velasco Alvarado with the correct year: In ______, he stowed away on a ship to Lima, Peru, falsified his age, and tried to enlist as an officer in the Peruvian Army.
  98. Complete the sentence about Francisco Morales Bermúdez with the correct year: In ______, after Belaúnde had been deposed by a coup, the military government led by General Juan Velasco asked him to ret…
  99. Complete the sentence about Francisco Morales Bermúdez with the correct year: In ______, he resigned again, this time because he was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Peruvian Army.
  100. Complete the sentence with the correct year: In ______, he was appointed to be both Velasco's prime minister and minister of war.

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