Chilean History and Politics

History And Politics

213 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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  1. Complete the sentence about History of Chile with the correct year: In ______, Chile made a peaceful transition to democracy and initiated a succession of democratic governments.
  2. Complete the sentence about Pedro de Valdivia with the correct year: In ______, he expanded Spanish rule further south into Araucanía, where he founded the city of Concepción and the eponymous city of…
  3. Complete the sentence about Pedro de Valdivia with the correct year: In ______ a civil war broke out in Castile, the Revolt of the Comuneros, and Valdivia joined the royalist army of King Charles I.
  4. Complete the sentence about Pedro de Valdivia with the correct year: In May ______, Valdivia was involved in the sack of Rome as a member of Charles I's mutinous mercenary army.
  5. Complete the sentence about Pedro de Valdivia with the correct year: Valdivia sailed with a Spanish military force to South America in ______.
  6. Complete the sentence about Lautaro with the correct year: Lautaro's attempts ended in ______ when he was killed in an ambush by the Spaniards.
  7. Complete the sentence about Captaincy General of Chile with the correct year: In the 16th century Pedro Marino de Lobera, “Corregidor de Valdivia”, ______ wrote the Chronicles of the Kingdom of Chile.
  8. Complete the sentence about Captaincy General of Chile with the correct year: After Almargo's death, Pedro de Valdivia solicited and was granted in ______ the right to explore and conquer the area wit…
  9. Complete the sentence about Chilean War of Independence with the correct year: In May ______ the overthrow of Charles and the start of the Peninsular War plunged the empire into a state of agitation.
  10. Complete the sentence about Bernardo O'Higgins with the correct year: Returning to Chile in ______ following his father's death, he inherited a large estate and settled down as a wealthy landowner.
  11. Complete the sentence about Bernardo O'Higgins with the correct year: In ______, a national junta was established following the deposition of King Ferdinand VII of Spain by Napoleon.
  12. Complete the sentence about Bernardo O'Higgins with the correct year: In ______, San Martín and O'Higgins crossed the Andes into Chile and achieved a decisive victory over the royalists at the Battle…
  13. Complete the sentence about José de San Martín with the correct year: In ______, after taking part in the Peninsular War against France, San Martín contacted South American supporters of independence…
  14. Complete the sentence about José de San Martín with the correct year: In ______, he set sail for Buenos Aires and offered his services to the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata, present-day Argen…
  15. Complete the sentence about José de San Martín with the correct year: On 12 July ______, after seizing partial control of Lima, San Martín was appointed Protector of Peru, and Peruvian independence wa…
  16. Complete the sentence about José de San Martín with the correct year: On 26 July ______, after a closed-door meeting with fellow libertador Simón Bolívar at Guayaquil, Ecuador, Bolívar took over the t…
  17. Complete the sentence about José de San Martín with the correct year: San Martín unexpectedly left the country and resigned the command of his army, excluding himself from politics and the military, a…
  18. Complete the sentence about José de San Martín with the correct year: After the order he was expelled from Hispanic America by Carlos III in ______ based in Yapeyú reduction.
  19. Complete the sentence about Battle of Maipú with the correct year: In ______, the Argentine General José de San Martín led an army across the Andes and defeated the Spanish in the battle of Chacabuco…
  20. Complete the sentence about Chilean Declaration of Independence with the correct year: The ceremony of independence was performed on 12 February ______, the first anniversary of the Battle of Chacabuc…
  21. Complete the sentence about Chilean Declaration of Independence with the correct year: By ______, the Chilean War of Independence had entered its final phase, and there was little doubt that its final…
  22. Complete the sentence about Chilean Declaration of Independence with the correct year: At the end of ______, O'Higgins was present at the siege of Talcahuano against the Spanish forces.
  23. Complete the sentence about Diego Portales with the correct year: While deeply unpopular during his lifetime, his murder in ______, during an unsuccessful military coup has been judged a decisive fact…
  24. Complete the sentence about Diego Portales with the correct year: On August 15, ______, he married his cousin, Josefa Portales y Larraín.
  25. Complete the sentence with the correct year: In July ______, he resigned from his job at the Mint and went into business.
  26. Complete the sentence about War of the Confederation with the correct year: Chile since ______ carried out the war with Peruvian dissidents who were enemies of Santa Cruz.
  27. Complete the sentence about War of the Confederation with the correct year: During the war, one of Santa Cruz's subordinates, General Luis José de Orbegoso, rebelled against him in ______ to restore P…
  28. Complete the sentence about War of the Confederation with the correct year: When President Salaverry was replaced by General Luis Orbegoso in Peru, the treaty was declared null and void on February 14…
  29. Complete the sentence about War of the Confederation with the correct year: The sloop Orbegoso was captured by the frigate Monteagudo on July 28, ______, and became part of the Chilean fleet.
  30. Complete the sentence about Manuel Bulnes with the correct year: In ______ he crossed the Cordillera and defeated decisively the Pincheira brothers in the battle of Epulafquén.
  31. Complete the sentence about Manuel Bulnes with the correct year: In Santiago the University of Chile was founded during his watch, in ______, as well as a technical training school from which the Univ…
  32. Complete the sentence about Manuel Bulnes with the correct year: Regarding the nation's strategic goals, Bulnes founded Fuerte Bulnes in ______ in order to establish and enforce sovereignty over the M…
  33. Complete the sentence about Chincha Islands War with the correct year: The Spanish ships arrived at the port of Valparaíso, Chile, on April 18, ______.
  34. Complete the sentence with the correct year: The vessels left Chile in July ______ amicably and moved on to Peru.
  35. Complete the sentence about Chincha Islands War with the correct year: Even though Spain had never recognized Peruvian independence, which had been declared in ______, the squadron received a friendly…
  36. Complete the sentence about Chincha Islands War with the correct year: On August 4, ______, an incident took place at the Talambo hacienda, in Lambayeque, Peru.
  37. Complete the sentence about War of the Pacific with the correct year: Bolivia withdrew after the Battle of Tacna, on 26 May ______, leaving allied Peru fighting alone for most of the war.
  38. Complete the sentence about War of the Pacific with the correct year: Chilean forces occupied Peru's capital Lima in January ______.
  39. Complete the sentence about War of the Pacific with the correct year: Chile and Peru signed the Treaty of Ancón on 20 October ______.
  40. Complete the sentence about War of the Pacific with the correct year: In ______, Chile and Bolivia signed the Treaty of Peace and Friendship, which established definite boundaries.
  41. Complete the sentence about War of the Pacific with the correct year: The ______ Tacna–Arica compromise gave Arica to Chile and Tacna to Peru.
  42. Complete the sentence about Battle of Iquique with the correct year: In ______, the Bolivian government threatened to confiscate and sell the Antofagasta Nitrate & Railway Company, a mining enterprise…
  43. Complete the sentence about Battle of Iquique with the correct year: The wooden corvette Esmeralda, constructed in ______, was armed with twenty 32-pound cannons and two 12-pound cannons.
  44. Complete the sentence about Arturo Prat with the correct year: In January ______, Prat boarded, for the first time, Esmeralda.
  45. Complete the sentence about Arturo Prat with the correct year: On October 1, ______, it caught on fire while in the Bay of Valparaíso.
  46. Complete the sentence about Battle of Tarapacá with the correct year: The Battle of Tarapacá occurred on 27 November ______ during the Tarapacá Campaign of the War of the Pacific.
  47. Complete the sentence about Pacification of Araucanía with the correct year: In November ______, the Mapuches made a last-ditch effort to regain control of their territory, launching coordinated strik…
  48. Complete the sentence about Pacification of Araucanía with the correct year: Following the Chilean silver rush that began in ______, agriculture expanded in the Norte Chico.
  49. Complete the sentence about Pacification of Araucanía with the correct year: The next major expansion of agricultural activity occurred from ______ onwards as a result of wheat demand during the colon…
  50. Complete the sentence about Pacification of Araucanía with the correct year: In ______ a ship travelling between Valdivia and Valparaíso, Joven Daniel, was wrecked at the coast between the mouths of I…
  51. Complete the sentence about Chilean Civil War of 1891 with the correct year: In ______, it came to light that President Balmaceda had decided to nominate a close personal friend as his successor.
  52. Complete the sentence about José Manuel Balmaceda with the correct year: A controversial figure, Balmaceda's political disagreements with the Chilean congress led to the ______ Chilean Civil War.
  53. Complete the sentence about José Manuel Balmaceda with the correct year: In ______ he joined the Club de la Reforma, which became the political basis of the Liberal Party.
  54. Complete the sentence about José Manuel Balmaceda with the correct year: Under President Aníbal Pinto, he discharged some diplomatic missions abroad, and is credited with persuading Argentina not to j…
  55. Complete the sentence about Parliamentary Republic with the correct year: The Parliamentary Republic lasted until the ______ Constitution drafted by President Arturo Alessandri and his minister José M…
  56. Complete the sentence about Parliamentary Republic with the correct year: The new Constitution created a presidential system, which lasted, with several modifications, until the ______ coup d'état.
  57. Complete the sentence about Parliamentary Republic with the correct year: The pseudo-parliamentary system was established in Chile following José Manuel Balmaceda's defeat in the ______ Chilean Civil…
  58. Complete the sentence about Arturo Alessandri with the correct year: In ______, while studying, he participated in the newspaper La Justicia, which was opposed to then President José Manuel Balmaceda.
  59. Complete the sentence about Arturo Alessandri with the correct year: After graduating in ______, Alessandri married Rosa Ester Rodríguez Velasco, with whom he had 9 children.
  60. Complete the sentence about Arturo Alessandri with the correct year: In ______, Alessandri began his political career, becoming a member of the Liberal Party and representative of Curicó, a seat he wo…
  61. Complete the sentence about Carlos Ibáñez del Campo with the correct year: On his maternal side, he is descended from the Frenchman Giles Du Champ, who arrived in Chile in ______ and settled in Concep…
  62. Complete the sentence with the correct year: On March 12, ______ he entered the second year of the Military School.
  63. Complete the sentence about Pedro Aguirre Cerda with the correct year: Pedro Aguirre Cerda was born on February 6, ______, in Pocuro, a small village near the city of Los Andes, Chile.
  64. Complete the sentence about Pedro Aguirre Cerda with the correct year: In ______, he married his first cousin Juana Rosa Aguirre Luco, with whom he had no children.
  65. Complete the sentence about Gabriel González Videla with the correct year: A long-time member and leader in the Radical Party, he left the party in ______ over its support for socialist president Salv…
  66. Complete the sentence about Gabriel González Videla with the correct year: As vice president of the council, he helped draft the current Chilean constitution of ______.
  67. Complete the sentence about Gabriel González Videla with the correct year: González was born in the coastal city of La Serena on 22 November ______, to parents Gabriel González Castillo and Teresa Vid…
  68. Complete the sentence about Gabriel González Videla with the correct year: In ______, González joined the youth wing of the Radical Party, later becoming a member of the Radical Assembly of La Serena.
  69. Complete the sentence about Gabriel González Videla with the correct year: González was involved in protests against the military government established in ______ by Luis Altamirano.
  70. Complete the sentence about Gabriel González Videla with the correct year: In ______, he made declarations against President Carlos Ibáñez and had to go into hiding.
  71. Complete the sentence about Eduardo Frei Montalva with the correct year: On 22 January ______, Frei died in Santiago, Chile, following surgery.
  72. Complete the sentence about Eduardo Frei Montalva with the correct year: In ______, his family moved to Lontué, where his father had been hired as an accountant at a winery.
  73. Complete the sentence about Eduardo Frei Montalva with the correct year: The winery San Pedro is still well known in Lontué and Molina 200 km south of Santiago and was founded in ______ by the brother…
  74. Complete the sentence about Salvador Allende with the correct year: In ______, he won the presidency as the candidate of the Popular Unity coalition in a close three-way race.
  75. Complete the sentence about Salvador Allende with the correct year: On 11 September ______, the military moved to oust Allende's democratically elected government in a coup d'état supported by the CIA…
  76. Complete the sentence about Salvador Allende with the correct year: Pinochet's military dictatorship only ended after the successful internationally backed ______ constitutional referendum led to the…
  77. Complete the sentence about Popular Unity with the correct year: Salvador Allende's election in ______ represented several important developments internationally and domestically.
  78. Complete the sentence about Popular Unity with the correct year: With 44%., Popular Unity progressed in the ______ legislative election but did not win the majority.
  79. Complete the sentence about Popular Unity with the correct year: Finally, anti-socialist elements in the military, with support from US intelligence agencies, orchestrated a successful coup d'état on…
  80. Complete the sentence about Augusto Pinochet with the correct year: On 11 September ______, Pinochet seized power in Chile in a military coup.
  81. Complete the sentence about Augusto Pinochet with the correct year: Operation Condor, a U.S.-supported terror operation focusing on South America, was founded at the behest of the Pinochet regime in l…
  82. Complete the sentence about Military dictatorship of Chile with the correct year: The military dictatorship ended in ______ with the election of Christian Democrat candidate Patricio Aylwin.
  83. Complete the sentence about Military dictatorship of Chile with the correct year: On 15 April ______, workers from the El Teniente mining camp had ceased working, demanding higher wages.
  84. Complete the sentence about Caravan of Death with the correct year: Augusto Pinochet was indicted in December ______ in this case, but he died four years later before a verdict could be rendered.
  85. Complete the sentence about Caravan of Death with the correct year: Reveco, who presided over the first court martial of Calama, was forced to resign on October 2, ______, as he was considered too len…
  86. Complete the sentence about Caravan of Death with the correct year: In ______, Contreras and Espinoza were convicted for their participation in the Caravan of Death.
  87. Complete the sentence about Operation Condor with the correct year: The operation ended with the fall of the Argentine junta in ______.
  88. Complete the sentence about DINA with the correct year: A distinct Foreign Division ran the agency's covert operations outside Chile, including the ______ killing of General Carlos Prats in Buenos Air…
  89. Complete the sentence about Valech Report with the correct year: Published on November 29, ______, the report presents the findings of a six-month investigation.
  90. Complete the sentence about Patricio Aylwin with the correct year: Born in Viña del Mar, to British descent on his father's side, Aylwin was an active politician since ______.
  91. Complete the sentence about Patricio Aylwin with the correct year: An excellent student, he enrolled in the Law School of the University of Chile where he became a lawyer, with the highest distinction…
  92. Complete the sentence about Patricio Aylwin with the correct year: Aylwin's involvement in politics started in ______, when he joined the Falange Nacional.
  93. Complete the sentence with the correct year: In ______ he was elected to the National Congress as a Senator.
  94. Complete the sentence about Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle with the correct year: Economically, he oversaw a period of rapid economic growth that was only temporarily stunted by the ______ Asian financial cr…
  95. Complete the sentence about Ricardo Lagos with the correct year: Lagos was the third president from the centre-left Coalition of Parties for Democracy to have governed Chile since ______.
  96. Complete the sentence about Ricardo Lagos with the correct year: In ______, Lagos married Carmen Weber, with whom he had two children, Ricardo and Ximena.
  97. Complete the sentence about Ricardo Lagos with the correct year: During that time he became a visiting professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill political science department until _…
  98. Complete the sentence about Sebastián Piñera with the correct year: Piñera then enrolled at the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, from which he graduated in ______ with an undergraduate degree…
  99. Complete the sentence about José Antonio Kast with the correct year: Born in Santiago to a German immigrant family, Kast graduated from the Pontificial Catholic University of Chile in ______ with a de…
  100. Complete the sentence about José Antonio Kast with the correct year: Kast's father emigrated to Chile in December ______, settling in Buin.

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