NEET UG · Biology

Morphology and Anatomy of Flowering Plants

28 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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Random questions from this topic, one at a time. You see the answer and the explanation straight after each one.

All 28 questions

  1. Which plant species produces specialized respiratory roots (pneumatophores) that grow vertically upward with negative geotropism to obtain oxygen in waterlogged mangrove swamps?
  2. In which plants are the axillary buds modified into woody, straight, pointed thorns that protect the plant against browsing herbivores?
  3. Which xerophytic adaptation is characterized by a green, flattened, succulent stem that carries out photosynthesis while leaves are reduced to spines?
  4. What type of phyllotaxy is observed when a single leaf arises at each node in an alternating fashion, as seen in China rose, mustard, and sunflower?
  5. Which type of inflorescence is characterized by an indeterminate main floral axis that continues to grow while producing flowers laterally in an acropetal succession?
  6. Which of the following flowers displays zygomorphic (bilateral) floral symmetry, meaning it can be divided into two similar halves in only one particular vertical plane?
  7. In which floral arrangement is the ovary termed 'inferior' because the margin of the thalamus grows upward enclosing the ovary completely and fusing with its wall?
  8. What type of aestivation is found in papilionaceous corolla (Fabaceae) where a large posterior standard petal overlaps two lateral wing petals, which in turn overlap two anterior keel petals?
  9. Which type of placentation is characterized by ovules developing on the inner peripheral wall of a unilocular ovary, which may become two-chambered due to the formation of a false septum (replum)?
  10. In the coconut fruit (Cocos nucifera), which is a drupe, which botanical layer forms the commercially useful fibrous coir?
  11. Which of the following floral formulas correctly represents the botanical family Solanaceae?
  12. Collenchyma tissue differs fundamentally from sclerenchyma tissue in which of the following cytological characteristics?
  13. Which plant cells are living, specialized parenchymatous cells intimately connected to sieve tube elements via plasmodesmatal pit fields to regulate phloem transport?
  14. What is the characteristic shape of guard cells in the stomatal apparatus of grass leaves (monocotyledons)?
  15. Which structural feature is typical of a transverse section of a monocotyledonous stem compared to a dicotyledonous stem?
  16. What is the primary physiological function of bulliform (motor) cells located on the adaxial epidermis of grass leaves?
  17. In the secondary growth of a dicotyledonous stem, how is the complete, continuous vascular cambial ring formed?
  18. How does heartwood (duramen) fundamentally differ from sapwood (alburnum) in an old dicot tree trunk?
  19. In plant anatomy, what three tissues collectively constitute the periderm?
  20. What is the botanical nature of the 'eyes' present on a potato tuber (Solanum tuberosum)?
  21. Which of the following stems exhibits sub-aerial vegetative reproduction via an offset (a short, thick horizontal branch bearing a rosette of leaves above and a tuft of roots below)?
  22. Which cell type in the xylem tissue possesses protoplasts and remains living at functional maturity, functioning primarily in carbohydrate storage and radial water conduction?
  23. In a dorsiventral (dicotyledonous) leaf, how is the photosynthetic ground tissue (mesophyll) organized?
  24. Which floral condition describes stamens whose filaments are united into a single bundle or tube surrounding the style, as observed in China rose (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis)?
  25. Which plant family is botanically characterized by a perianth composed of 6 tepals arranged in two whorls (3+3), 6 stamens (3+3) epiphyllous, and a tricarpellary, syncarpous, superior trilocular ovary…
  26. Which of the following represents an example of a false fruit (pseudocarp) where floral structures other than the ovary contribute significantly to the fleshy edible portion?
  27. What is the structural role of Casparian strips found embedded within the endodermis of plant roots?
  28. In which plant does the petiole become flattened, green, and leaf-like to carry out photosynthesis because the normal lamina is drastically reduced and short-lived?

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