NEET UG · Biology

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

27 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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Random questions from this topic, one at a time. You see the answer and the explanation straight after each one.

All 27 questions

  1. Which innermost microsporangial wall layer is characterized by dense cytoplasm, polyploid or multinucleate cells, and the secretion of nutrients and sporopollenin precursors for developing microspores…
  2. What biological property makes sporopollenin, the major chemical component of the pollen exine, virtually indestructible in fossil records?
  3. In over 60 percent of angiosperm species, at what developmental stage are pollen grains shed from the anther?
  4. What is the structural term for the small opening or aperture in the pollen grain exine where sporopollenin deposition is absent, permitting pollen tube emergence?
  5. In the typical monosporic (Polygonum type) development of the female gametophyte in angiosperms, which of the four megaspores remains functional?
  6. A mature angiosperm embryo sac (female gametophyte) at the time of fertilization consists of how many cells and nuclei?
  7. What is the specialized function of the filiform apparatus located at the micropylar tip of synergid cells in the embryo sac?
  8. Which set of morphological floral traits is characteristic of anemophilous (wind-pollinated) angiosperms?
  9. In the freshwater aquatic plant Vallisneria, how does cross-pollination (epihydrophily) occur?
  10. Which of the following describes an outbreeding device (contrivance) known as dichogamy that prevents self-pollination in bisexual flowers?
  11. Why are cleistogamous flowers (such as those produced by Viola, Oxalis, and Commelina) assured of 100 percent seed set even in the total absence of animal pollinators?
  12. In artificial hybridization of bisexual flowers, why is the process of 'emasculation' performed, and when must it be carried out?
  13. Who discovered the unique phenomenon of double fertilization in angiosperms while studying Lilium and Fritillaria?
  14. What is the ploidy level of the Primary Endosperm Nucleus (PEN) formed by triple fusion in a typical angiosperm embryo sac?
  15. In the developing coconut (Cocos nucifera), what do the clear liquid coconut water and the surrounding white fleshy kernel represent botanically?
  16. Which of the following seeds is classified as non-albuminous (exalbuminous) because its endosperm is completely consumed by the developing embryo prior to seed maturation?
  17. In the monocotyledonous embryo of grass and cereal grains, what is the single shield-shaped cotyledon termed, and where is it situated relative to the embryonal axis?
  18. In seeds of black pepper (Piper nigrum) and beet (Beta vulgaris), a portion of the maternal nucellus persists as a nutritive tissue surrounding the embryo. What is this persistent nucellar layer c…
  19. Which of the following describes the biological phenomenon of apomixis in plants?
  20. In Citrus and mango seeds, how does polyembryony (the presence of multiple embryos within a single seed) commonly arise?
  21. Which plant species holds the record for seed viability by successfully germinating after an estimated 10,000 years of dormancy in arctic tundra permafrost?
  22. Which invasive alien weed, introduced into India as a contaminant in imported PL-480 wheat from the USA, produces airborne pollen that triggers severe chronic respiratory allergies (asthma and rhiniti…
  23. At what temperature is viable pollen grain germplasm cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen in pollen banks for long-term agricultural crop breeding programs?
  24. Which sticky, carotenoid- and lipid-rich external coating on the pollen surface facilitates adhesion to insect bodies and protects pollen DNA against solar ultraviolet irradiation?
  25. In the context of pollen tube entry into the ovule, what is the term for the most common condition where the pollen tube enters the ovule directly through the micropyle?
  26. Which transient carbohydrate polymer temporarily deposits around microspore mother cells and microspores during meiosis, and is subsequently digested by an enzyme secreted by the tapetum?
  27. What is the primary function of the suspensor formed during the early embryogeny of flowering plants?

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