30 cardsUCAT
Medical Ethics Principles for UCAT Situational Judgement
30 flashcards on the four principles, consent, capacity, confidentiality, candour and professional behaviour for the UCAT Situational Judgement subtest. Original study material for practice.
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Terms in this deck (30)
1
Autonomy
Respecting a patient's right to make their own informed decisions about care, including refusing treatment if they have capacity.
2
Beneficence
The duty to act in the patient's best interests and to do good.
3
Non-maleficence
The duty to avoid causing harm. 'First, do no harm.'
4
Justice
Fairness in how patients are treated and in how resources are distributed.
5
Four principles of medical ethics
Autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice (Beauchamp and Childress).
6
Informed consent
Consent given voluntarily by a patient with capacity who has been given enough information about the benefits, risks and alternatives.
7
Capacity in England and Wales
Under the Mental Capacity Act 2005, an adult is assumed to have capacity unless shown otherwise. A decision needs the person to understand, retain, weigh and communicate.
8
Principle: an unwise decision
A person is not treated as lacking capacity simply because they make an unwise decision.
9
Best interests
If a person lacks capacity, decisions are made in their best interests, considering their wishes, feelings and the views of those close to them.
10
Gillick competence
A child under 16 who has sufficient maturity and understanding of a treatment can consent to it without parental permission.
11
Confidentiality
Information about patients should not be shared without consent, except where the law requires it or disclosure is justified in the public interest or to protect someone from serious harm.
12
Sharing information with relatives
Share only with the patient's consent, unless they lack capacity and sharing is in their best interests.
13
Duty of candour
Being open and honest with patients when something goes wrong, including apologising and explaining what happened.
14
Raising concerns
Doctors and students should raise patient safety concerns promptly through the appropriate route, such as a supervisor, and not ignore them.
15
Acting within competence
Do not undertake tasks you are not trained to do. Be honest about your limits and ask for help or supervision.
16
Near miss
An error that is caught before it reaches the patient. It should still be reported so that the system can learn.
17
Safeguarding
Protecting children and adults at risk from abuse or neglect. Concerns should be passed to the safeguarding lead or through the local procedure.
18
Honesty and integrity
Be honest in your work, records and applications. Never falsify records or claim another person's work as your own.
19
Dignity and respect
Treat every patient with courtesy and respect their privacy and dignity, whatever their background or condition.
20
Professional boundaries
Do not form personal or social relationships with patients that could affect your judgement or exploit their trust.
21
Teamwork and colleagues
Work respectfully with colleagues, share information appropriately and challenge unsafe or discriminatory behaviour.
22
Escalating a problem: best order
Start with the most direct and proportionate step, such as speaking privately to the person, then escalate to a supervisor or manager if the problem is serious or unresolved.
23
Fitness to practise and health
If you are unwell in a way that might put patients at risk, seek advice and do not work until it is safe to do so.
24
Social media
Never post information that could identify a patient, even without a name, and keep professional standards online.
25
Using interpreters
When a patient does not understand English well enough, arrange a professional interpreter rather than relying on family members.
26
Refusal of treatment
A patient with capacity can refuse treatment even if this may lead to harm or death. The doctor should explain the risks and respect the decision.
27
Good Medical Practice
The General Medical Council's guidance setting out the professional standards expected of all doctors in the UK.
28
SJT rating: appropriateness
Rate how appropriate an action is: very appropriate, appropriate but not ideal, inappropriate but not awful, or very inappropriate.
29
SJT rating: importance
Rate how important a consideration is when deciding what to do: very important, important, of minor importance, or not important at all.
30
SJT strategy
Put patient safety first, then honesty, confidentiality and respect, then team and personal factors. Prefer actions that are proportionate and direct.
UCAT in the United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, UCAT is part of: University entry tests.
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