What is an isotonic intravenous infusion that provides both volume rehydration and energy calories?
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. 5% Dextrose in Water
- Step 1: D5W contains 50 grams of glucose (dextrose) per liter, having an osmolarity of ~278 mOsm/L (approx isotonic). Step 2. Once infused, glucose is rapidly metabolized by tissues, providing calories (170 kcal/L) and free water for hydration. Answer: 5% Dextrose in Water (D5W). Why not the others: 0.9% NaCl provides electrolytes but zero calories; 20% Mannitol is a hypertonic osmotic diuretic; pure sterile water causes fatal intravascular hemolysis.
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