What economic crisis severely impacted Wallonia's industrial heartland in the 1970s and 1980s, leading to state restructuring and industrial diversification?
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. The global steel and metallurgical crisis and closure of uncompetitive coal basins
Answer: The global steel and metallurgical crisis and closure of uncompetitive coal basins. Why not the others: Antwerp's diamond district remained resilient; the CAP subsidized farming rather than terminating support; North Sea gas was not the primary factor.
- Step 1: In the 1970s, soaring global competition and the oil shocks plunged the European steel sector into severe structural decline.
- Step 2: The collapse of major steel producers like Cockerill-Sambre in Liège and Charleroi, combined with the final exhaustion of Walloon coal mines, resulted in mass unemployment and necessitated emergency state interventions and industrial reconversion.
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