A 14-year-old girl presents with progressive exertional fatigue and pallor. Complete blood count shows Hb 8.2 g/dL, MCV 68 fL (microcytic), MCH 21 pg (hypochromic), and elevated red cell distribution width (RDW 18%). Serum ferritin is 8 ng/mL. What is the diagnosis?
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C. Iron deficiency anemia
- Step 1: Microcytic, hypochromic anemia with low serum ferritin (< 15 ng/mL) and elevated RDW is diagnostic of iron deficiency anemia.
- Step 2: Ferritin is the most specific indicator of total body iron stores.
- Step 3: Beta-thalassemia trait presents with microcytosis, but ferritin is normal or elevated and RDW is typically normal.
Answer
Iron deficiency anemia.
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