Identify the fallacy: 'Every distinguished architect understands load physics. Marcus understands load physics; therefore, Marcus is a distinguished architect.'
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: D. Affirming the consequent
- Step 1: Premise: Architect -> Understands physics (necessary condition). Step 2. Argument: Marcus understands physics (consequent true) -> Marcus is architect (antecedent true). Step 3. This is affirming the consequent. Answer: Affirming the consequent. Why not the others: No personal attack, sample size issue, or restricted choice fallacy occurs.
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