Which cell organelle contains maternal DNA, replicates semi-autonomously by binary fission, and generates metabolic water through cellular respiration?
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: D. Mitochondrion
- Step 1: Mitochondria possess their own circular, double-stranded DNA genome and 70S ribosomes.
- Step 2: In humans and most animals, mitochondria are inherited almost exclusively via the maternal ovum cytoplasm.
- Step 3: During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons reduce molecular oxygen to form metabolic water (), and mitochondria reproduce by binary division.
Answer
Mitochondrion.
Why not the others: Peroxisome produces toxic hydrogen peroxide and lacks its own genetic DNA; Endoplasmic reticulum lacks autonomous genetic material; Golgi apparatus does not possess DNA or replicate by fission.
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