According to Lindeman's efficiency rule in ecosystem ecology, approximately what fraction of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next higher level?
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: D. 10%
- Step 1: State the ecological trophic transfer efficiency principle.
- Step 2: Approximately 10% of the energy stored as biomass in one trophic level is incorporated into the biomass of the next level; the remaining 90% is lost through respiration, metabolic heat, and non-consumed matter.
Answer
10%.
Why not the others: 1% is the typical efficiency of primary producers converting sunlight into chemical energy; 50% and 25% are unrealistically high transfer efficiencies.
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