NEET UG · Biology

Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

28 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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Random questions from this topic, one at a time. You see the answer and the explanation straight after each one.

All 28 questions

  1. Which structural compartment within the chloroplast is the specific site for the light-independent enzymatic reactions (Calvin cycle) of photosynthesis?
  2. In T.W. Engelmann's classic experiment using the green alga Cladophora and aerobic bacteria, the bacteria accumulated primarily in regions illuminated by which wavelengths of light?
  3. During non-cyclic photophosphorylation, what is the primary role of the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) associated with Photosystem II?
  4. Which essential inorganic ions are required as catalytic cofactors for the photolysis of water in Photosystem II?
  5. In the Z-scheme of non-cyclic electron transport, what is the immediate electron acceptor that accepts excited electrons from the reaction center P680 of Photosystem II?
  6. Which of the following conditions favors cyclic photophosphorylation over non-cyclic photophosphorylation in plant chloroplasts?
  7. According to Peter Mitchell's chemiosmotic hypothesis, how is the proton gradient established across the thylakoid membrane during light reactions?
  8. In the catalytic mechanism of ATP synthase ( complex) in chloroplasts, where is the catalytic headpiece located?
  9. What is the primary carboxylation product formed when RuBisCO fixes carbon dioxide in C3 plants?
  10. How many molecules of ATP and NADPH are consumed in the Calvin cycle for the net synthesis of one molecule of glucose ()?
  11. Under conditions of high oxygen concentration and low carbon dioxide concentration, RuBisCO acts as an oxygenase, initiating photorespiration. What are the immediate products of this oxygenation react…
  12. Photorespiration (C2 cycle) involves a cooperative metabolic pathway spanning which three subcellular organelles in sequential order?
  13. Which anatomical feature of bundle sheath cells in C4 plant leaves (Kranz anatomy) prevents atmospheric oxygen from reaching RuBisCO?
  14. In the mesophyll cells of C4 plants, what is the primary carbon dioxide acceptor and which enzyme catalyzes its initial carboxylation?
  15. Why do C4 plants require a total of 30 ATP molecules to synthesize one molecule of glucose, compared to 18 ATP molecules in C3 plants?
  16. Which of the following physiological adaptations explains why desert succulents displaying Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) minimize water loss during photosynthesis?
  17. According to Blackman's Law of Limiting Factors (1905), what determines the rate of a physiological process governed by multiple variables?
  18. At what percentage of full midday sunlight does light saturation typically occur for most terrestrial C3 plants?
  19. Why are greenhouse crops such as tomatoes and bell peppers grown in carbon dioxide-enriched atmospheres (up to 450-500 ppm)?
  20. Which mobile, water-soluble, copper-containing protein functions on the luminal side of the thylakoid membrane to transfer electrons between the cytochrome b6f complex and Photosystem I?
  21. What is the structural basis for the observation that stroma lamellae membranes perform cyclic photophosphorylation but lack non-cyclic photophosphorylation?
  22. In the photosynthetic light reactions, where is the enzyme ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase (FNR) located?
  23. What is the phenomenon called where the photosynthetic yield drops sharply at wavelengths longer than 680 nm (far-red light), and what did its reversal by Emerson reveal?
  24. Which of the following describes the Warburg effect in plant physiology?
  25. What is the theoretical quantum requirement (number of photons) needed to evolve one molecule of molecular oxygen during oxygenic photosynthesis?
  26. In C4 plants, where does the decarboxylation of 4-carbon dicarboxylic acids (such as malate) take place to release carbon dioxide for the Calvin cycle?
  27. Why does high temperature decrease the photosynthetic efficiency of C3 plants more severely than that of C4 plants?
  28. Which of the following photosynthetic pigments serves as the primary reaction center in both Photosystem I and Photosystem II, while all other pigments act as accessory antenna pigments?

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