NEET UG · Chemistry

Biomolecules and Polymers

18 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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Random questions from this topic, one at a time. You see the answer and the explanation straight after each one.

All 18 questions

  1. Why is sucrose classified as a non-reducing disaccharide, whereas maltose and lactose are classified as reducing disaccharides?
  2. Why is the hydrolysis of dextrorotatory sucrose (+66.5°) into an equimolar mixture of D-(+)-glucose and D-(-)-fructose referred to as the 'inversion of cane sugar'?
  3. What is the structural difference between α-D-glucopyranose and β-D-glucopyranose, which defines them as anomers?
  4. Which chemical test confirms that all six carbon atoms in D-glucose are arranged in an unbranched, straight chain?
  5. Which of the twenty standard biological amino acids is optically inactive (achiral) because its α-carbon is bonded to two identical hydrogen atoms?
  6. In aqueous solution, amino acids exist predominantly as dipolar internal salts known as zwitterions. What is the electrical net charge of a neutral amino acid at its isoelectric point (pI)?
  7. What type of chemical bonding is responsible for stabilizing the regular α-helix secondary structure of a polypeptide chain?
  8. What happens at the molecular level during the denaturation of a globular protein by heating or extreme pH changes?
  9. Which of the following nitrogenous bases is found exclusively in ribonucleic acid (RNA) and replaces thymine, which is found in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)?
  10. In the Watson-Crick double-helix model of B-DNA, how are the complementary purine and pyrimidine base pairs held together between the antiparallel strands?
  11. Which water-soluble vitamin must be supplied continuously in the human diet because it cannot be stored in the body and is readily excreted in urine, but is essential for preventing scurvy?
  12. Which catalyst is utilized in the low-pressure synthesis of High-Density Polythene (HDP) at 333-343 K and 6-7 atmospheres of pressure?
  13. What are the two monomer units that undergo step-growth condensation polymerization to produce the synthetic polyamide fiber Nylon-6,6?
  14. What is the chemical name and monomer unit of natural rubber before vulcanization?
  15. Why is crude natural rubber subjected to the process of vulcanization by heating with elemental sulfur (typically ~5% sulfur) at 373-415 K?
  16. Which thermosetting cross-linked polymer is produced by the condensation reaction of phenol with formaldehyde in the presence of an acid or base catalyst?
  17. Which synthetic copolymer is widely utilized in medical orthopedics and controlled drug-release capsules as an environmentally safe biodegradable aliphatic polyester?
  18. What type of polymer is Teflon (Polytetrafluoroethene, PTFE), and what property makes it ideal for non-stick coating on culinary cookware?

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