Riigieksamid (Estonian State Exams) · Estonian Language and Literature

Estonian Grammar, Morphology and Syntax

15 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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Random questions from this topic, one at a time. You see the answer and the explanation straight after each one.

All 15 questions

  1. Which grammatical case in Estonian indicates movement into an interior space (e.g. majja, metsa)?
  2. What phenomenon in Estonian phonology and morphology involves alternations between strong and weak grades of consonants in word stems?
  3. Which case ending is used in standard Estonian for the comitative case (meaning 'with')?
  4. How does standard Estonian express future time in standard verb syntax?
  5. How many distinctive phonemic quantity (length) degrees exist for vowels and consonants in standard Estonian?
  6. Which case in Estonian functions as the default subject marker and dictionary lemma form for nouns?
  7. What grammatical role does the partitive case play in standard Estonian when following cardinal numerals greater than one?
  8. Which infinitive in Estonian is used after modal and auxiliary verbs such as 'saama' (to be able to) and 'võima' (may)?
  9. In Estonian orthography, what diacritic marks the distinctive back unrounded vowel represented by the letter Õ?
  10. Which Estonian local case ending represents movement away from an exterior surface (ablative case, e.g. laualt)?
  11. How does Estonian express the passive voice in standard verb morphology?
  12. Which Estonian grammatical mood is used to report second-hand or unconfirmed information (the quotative or oblique mood)?
  13. What is the function of the abessive case (-ta) in an Estonian sentence?
  14. Which verb forms serve as the base stems from which all other Estonian nominal and verbal forms are derived?
  15. In standard Estonian word order, what is the default position of the inflected finite verb in neutral main declarative clauses?

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