According to the cognitive dissonance theory introduced by Leon Festinger, how do individuals typically resolve psychological distress caused by conflicting beliefs and behaviors?
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. By rationalizing behaviors
- Step 1: Cognitive dissonance occurs when a person holds contradictory cognitions or acts contrary to their beliefs.
- Step 2: Because dissonance is psychologically uncomfortable, individuals are motivated to reduce it.
- Step 3: They resolve it by modifying attitudes, acquiring justifying cognitions, or downplaying the importance of the dissonant elements.
Answer
By rationalizing behaviors.
Why not the others: People seek rationalization and consonance rather than paralysis or memory erasure.
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