Which metabolic process produces lactic acid in human skeletal muscle cells during prolonged strenuous exercise when oxygen supply becomes insufficient?
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: D. Anaerobic homolactic fermentation
- Step 1: Determine cellular response to anaerobic conditions during intense exertion.
- Step 2: When electron transport chain halts due to lack of oxygen, pyruvate is reduced to lactate by lactate dehydrogenase, reoxidizing NADH back to NAD⁺ so glycolysis can continue generating ATP.
Answer
Anaerobic homolactic fermentation.
Why not the others: Alcoholic fermentation occurs in yeasts producing ethanol and CO₂; oxidative phosphorylation and beta-oxidation require abundant oxygen.
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