Wazari Exam (Iraq Baccalaureate) - Scientific Branch · Biology

Genetics, Molecular Biology, Physiology and Immunity

28 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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Random questions from this topic, one at a time. You see the answer and the explanation straight after each one.

All 28 questions

  1. Which base pairs with adenine in a DNA double helix?
  2. Which cell structure is the site of translation?
  3. A DNA template strand reads 3'-TAC-5'. What is the mRNA codon transcribed from it?
  4. Two heterozygous parents (Aa x Aa) have children with complete dominance. What is the expected phenotypic ratio?
  5. A plant with the dominant phenotype is test-crossed with a homozygous recessive plant, and about half of the offspring show the recessive trait. What is the unknown parent's genotype?
  6. A woman who carries an X-linked recessive colour-blindness allele has children with a man with normal vision. What is expected?
  7. In a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, 4 percent of individuals show a recessive trait (). What fraction are heterozygous carriers?
  8. Two parents are both AaBb for independently assorting genes. What is the probability of an offspring that is aa and shows the dominant trait for B (aaB_)?
  9. Which statement about insulin is correct?
  10. How many ions does the sodium-potassium pump move per ATP used?
  11. What is the function of the myelin sheath on a neuron's axon?
  12. Which cells produce antibodies?
  13. A person receives a vaccine containing a weakened pathogen. What type of immunity results?
  14. A competitive inhibitor is added to an enzyme reaction. How are and affected?
  15. Which PCR step separates the two DNA strands, and at about what temperature?
  16. Where do restriction enzymes cut DNA?
  17. In which part of the chloroplast do the light-dependent reactions occur?
  18. What is the net ATP yield of glycolysis from one glucose molecule?
  19. Where does the Krebs cycle take place?
  20. During meiosis a gamete forms with 24 chromosomes (an extra copy of chromosome 21) and fuses with a normal gamete. What results?
  21. Sickle cell anaemia is caused by which kind of mutation?
  22. Two unaffected parents have a child with an autosomal recessive disorder. What is the probability that an unaffected sibling of that child is a carrier?
  23. How does negative feedback regulate thyroxine?
  24. A red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What happens?
  25. Producers in an ecosystem fix 10 000 kJ of energy. Assuming 10 percent transfer between levels, how much reaches secondary consumers?
  26. Which statement correctly describes nitrification?
  27. A double-stranded DNA segment of 1000 base pairs contains 600 adenine bases in total. How many cytosine bases does it contain?
  28. Which DNA region does RNA polymerase bind to in order to begin transcription?

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