NEET UG · Biology

Organisms and Populations, Ecosystem, Biodiversity and Conservation

26 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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Random questions from this topic, one at a time. You see the answer and the explanation straight after each one.

All 26 questions

  1. According to Allen's Rule in ecological zoology, how do endothermic mammals adapted to colder polar climates minimize heat dissipation?
  2. How does the desert kangaroo rat (Dipodomys) of North American deserts survive indefinitely without drinking liquid water?
  3. In the Verhulst-Pearl logistic growth equation, dN/dt = rN((K - N)/K), what biological parameter does 'K' represent?
  4. Which type of ecological interaction is exemplified by an orchid growing as an epiphyte on the trunk of a mango tree?
  5. What ecological principle was demonstrated by G.F. Gause using laboratory cultures of Paramecium aurelia and Paramecium caudatum?
  6. How did Robert MacArthur demonstrate that five closely related species of warbler birds could successfully coexist on the same spruce tree without competitive exclusion?
  7. In terrestrial ecosystems, what is Net Primary Productivity (NPP), and how is it mathematically related to Gross Primary Productivity (GPP)?
  8. Why does the pyramid of energy in an ecosystem ALWAYS stand upright and can never be inverted?
  9. Why is the ecological pyramid of biomass in an open marine or aquatic ecosystem typically inverted?
  10. In ecological succession on bare rock (xerarch succession), which organisms act as the pioneer species?
  11. In Alexander von Humboldt's species-area relationship, log S = log C + Z log A, what is the typical range of the slope of the regression line (Z-value) when analyzing species richness across normal lo…
  12. What ecological insight was established by David Tilman's classic long-term outdoor ecosystem plot experiments regarding species diversity?
  13. In Paul Ehrlich's 'Rivet Popper hypothesis' comparing an ecosystem to an airplane, what do the 'rivets on the wings' represent?
  14. Which factor among the 'Evil Quartet' is universally recognized as the single most critical driver leading to animal and plant extinctions?
  15. What ecological catastrophe occurred when the Nile perch (Lates niloticus) was introduced into Lake Victoria in East Africa?
  16. Which of the following represents an ex-situ (off-site) biodiversity conservation strategy?
  17. What two critical criteria must a biogeographical region satisfy to qualify as a global 'Biodiversity Hotspot'?
  18. Which three global biodiversity hotspots extend across portions of the Indian subcontinent?
  19. What landmark international treaty on biodiversity was adopted at the historic 'Earth Summit' held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992?
  20. Why do the Khasi and Jaintia Hills in Meghalaya, the Aravalli Hills in Rajasthan, and the Western Ghats represent vital reservoirs of rare and endangered plant species in India?
  21. Why does primary ecological succession on a freshly exposed sand dune or newly cooled volcanic lava require hundreds to thousands of years to reach a stable climax community?
  22. What is the primary ecological reason why tropical rainforests harbor vastly greater species richness and biodiversity than temperate and polar biomes?
  23. Which of the following interactions represents an example of 'sexual deceit' evolved by a flowering plant to achieve cross-pollination by an insect vector?
  24. What is the crucial ecological role of detritivores (such as earthworms) in the fragmentation phase of decomposition?
  25. How does the Detritus Food Chain (DFC) fundamentally differ from the Grazing Food Chain (GFC) in terms of starting energy source?
  26. What is the global estimate for the total annual net primary productivity (dry weight of organic matter) of the entire biosphere, and what fraction is contributed by oceans despite covering 70 percent…

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