Bacalaureat Național (Romania) · Romanian Language and Literature

Literatura Română Canonică și Modernă

43 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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Random questions from this topic, one at a time. You see the answer and the explanation straight after each one.

All 43 questions

  1. In Romanian literature, which author wrote the psychological novella Moara cu noroc (1881)?
  2. Which philosophical poem by Lucian Blaga serves as the opening art of poetry in his 1919 debut volume Poemele luminii?
  3. Which Romanian modernist poet introduced the concept of the 'aesthetics of the ugly' (estetica urâtului) in Flori de mucigai?
  4. What central motif and title gives name to George Bacovia's famous 1916 Symbolist poetry volume?
  5. In Liviu Rebreanu's realist novel Ion (1920), what are the two main drives dividing the protagonist's life?
  6. Which innovative narrative technique characterizes Camil Petrescu's interwar novel Ultima noapte de dragoste, întâia noapte de război?
  7. Who is the female protagonist in George Călinescu's 1938 Balzacian novel Enigma Otiliei?
  8. Which mythic and realist novel by Mihail Sadoveanu follows Vitoria Lipan searching for her murdered husband Nechifor?
  9. In Marin Preda's post-war novel Moromeții (Volume I, 1955), what does the cutting of the acacia tree (tăierea salcâmului) symbolize?
  10. Which Romanian modernist poem by Ion Barbu is described as an 'upside-down fairy tale' (baladă răsturnată) between a mushroom and an Arctic maiden?
  11. Which theatrical play by Marin Sorescu presents a lonely fisherman trapped inside the belly of consecutive giant fish?
  12. What cultural society founded in Iași in 1863 by Titu Maiorescu, Petre P. Carp, and others shaped classic Romanian literature?
  13. Which literary program published in 1840 by Mihail Kogălniceanu established the foundations of Romanian Romanticism?
  14. What critical concept did Titu Maiorescu formulate in 1868 to criticize borrowing Western institutional forms without domestic cultural substance?
  15. Which literary critic founded the modernist journal Sburătorul and theorized 'synchronism' with European cultural evolution?
  16. In Ion Luca Caragiale's comedy O scrisoare pierdută, which character embodies the demagogic, corrupt politician spouting empty patriotic rhetoric?
  17. Which poem by Nichita Stănescu illustrates the sudden, explosive shock of poetic inspiration and youthful love?
  18. What poetic figure is exemplified by Mihai Eminescu's famous line 'suferință tu, dureros de dulce' in Odă (în metru antic)?
  19. In Ion Creangă's fairy tale Povestea lui Harap-Alb, who is the deceptive primary antagonist who forces the prince into servitude?
  20. Which character in George Călinescu's Enigma Otiliei embodies the archetype of the obsessive, grotesque miser?
  21. What narrative point of view is employed in Liviu Rebreanu's novel Pădurea spânzuraților (1922)?
  22. What poetic current is defined by musicality, synesthesia, suggestiveness, and depressive urban motifs as seen in Bacovia's work?
  23. Which character in Mihail Sadoveanu's Baltagul acts as the clever companion and loyal animal guide helping Vitoria find her husband?
  24. In Tudor Arghezi's poem Testament, what does the poet turn into 'versuri și icoane' (verses and icons)?
  25. What is the setting of Mihail Sadoveanu's collection of frame tales Hanu Ancuței (1928)?
  26. In Camil Petrescu's Patul lui Procust (1933), who are the primary epistolary and diary voices revealing conflicting truths?
  27. What literary genre is represented by Ion Creangă's Amintiri din copilărie?
  28. Which Romanian Romantic ballad by Vasile Alecsandri tells of Prince Stephen the Great returning wounded to his mother's castle?
  29. In Marin Preda's Cel mai iubit dintre pământeni (1980), who is the intellectual protagonist suffering under communist totalitarianism?
  30. What is the core theme of Lucian Blaga's poetic drama Meșterul Manole (1927)?
  31. Which traditionalist religious poem by Vasile Voiculescu meditates upon Christ's agony on the Mount of Olives?
  32. What literary current championed rural spiritual preservation against urban decadence around the interwar journal Gândirea?
  33. Which Romanian vanguard movement founded in Zürich in 1916 by Romanian artist Tristan Tzara revolutionized European art?
  34. In George Călinescu's literary classification, what type of character is Stănică Rațiu in Enigma Otiliei?
  35. What rhetorical device consists of repeating the initial word or phrase across successive lines of verse?
  36. Which poem by Alexandru Macedonski depicts an obsessive desert quest toward an illusory white emerald city (Meka)?
  37. What narrative mode is used in Mircea Eliade's autobiographical novel Maitreyi (1933)?
  38. Which Neomodernist poet wrote the tragic hunting poem Moartea căprioarei (1955) about famine and innocence?
  39. What stylistic quality distinguishes Ion Creangă's storytelling language in Harap-Alb?
  40. In Ion Luca Caragiale's comedy O noapte furtunoasă, what social class is satirized through Jupân Dumitrache and Nae Ipingescu?
  41. What structural element opens and closes Mihai Eminescu's romantic masterwork Luceafărul?
  42. In Liviu Rebreanu's Ion, what does the symbolic gesture of Ion kissing the moist freshly plowed soil express?
  43. Which post-war Romanian poetess published the poetry collection Călcâiul vulnerabil and led dissident civic resistance in 1989?

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