VWO / HAVO Centraal Examen (Netherlands) · Dutch Language and Literature

Style Figures, Rhetoric and Linguistic Analysis

10 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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Random questions from this topic, one at a time. You see the answer and the explanation straight after each one.

All 10 questions

  1. Which stylistic figure (stijlfiguur) involves expressing an emphatic positive statement by negating its opposite (e.g., 'Dat is geen slecht idee')?
  2. Which stylistic error occurs in the Dutch sentence: 'Hij zag de ronde cirkel op het bord getekend'?
  3. What language error (stijlfout) is committed in the Dutch expression 'natrekken' formed by confusing 'nagaan' and 'verifiëren/onderzoeken' or 'overtrekken'?
  4. Which rhetorical trope is used when the part of an object is used to represent the whole (pars pro toto), such as 'Even de neuzen tellen' to mean counting people?
  5. Which rhetorical device is exemplified by the deliberate repetition of words in reverse grammatical order: 'Je moet niet leven om te eten, maar eten om te leven'?
  6. What stylistic device is present in the phrase: 'De stilte schreeuwde in de verlaten fabriekshal'?
  7. What grammatical error (syntactische fout) occurs when a participle clause lacks a logical subject in the main sentence (beknopte bijzin met verkeerd verzwegen onderwerp)?
  8. Which poetic form, perfected in Dutch by P.C. Hooft and later Jacques Perk and Willem Kloos, consists of fourteen lines arranged in an octave and a sestet with a 'volta'?
  9. What figure of speech is used when a speaker poses a question not to elicit an answer, but to make an emphatic assertion (e.g., 'Wie wil er nou niet gelukkig zijn?')?
  10. Which sound repetition device is present in the phrase 'Langs de lange lindelaan'?

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