Medical College Admission Test (Bangladesh) · Chemistry

Organic Reactions, Biomolecules and Pharmaceutical Principles

35 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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Random questions from this topic, one at a time. You see the answer and the explanation straight after each one.

All 35 questions

  1. Why is Phenol significantly more acidic than aliphatic alcohols like Ethanol? (Hard)
  2. What observation confirms the presence of Phenol when treated with neutral Ferric chloride (FeCl3) solution?
  3. What product is formed when Phenol is treated with excess Bromine water at room temperature?
  4. What is the active pharmaceutical chemical name of Aspirin, synthesized by acetylating salicylic acid?
  5. What is the major chemical constituent of 'Oil of Wintergreen', used as a topical analgesic ointment?
  6. Why is Sucrose (cane sugar) classified as a non-reducing disaccharide? (Hard)
  7. Which disaccharide consists of two D-glucose units linked by an alpha-1,4-glycosidic bond and acts as a reducing sugar?
  8. Which disaccharide is the dairy carbohydrate composed of an aldohexose monomer and glucose linked by a beta-1,4 bond?
  9. What is the primary structural difference between Amylose and Amylopectin components of plant Starch? (Hard)
  10. Why can humans digest plant Starch and Glycogen, but CANNOT digest plant Cellulose?
  11. What is the storage polysaccharide stored in human liver and skeletal muscle, often termed 'animal starch'?
  12. What type of dipolar ion structure exists in an amino acid at physiological pH (pH ~7.4)?
  13. What is the isoelectric point (pI) of an amino acid?
  14. Which amino acid is unique among standard proteinogenic amino acids in being optically inactive (Hard) (achiral)?
  15. Which of the following is a sulfur-containing essential amino acid in human nutrition?
  16. What type of covalent chemical bond links adjacent amino acid residues in the primary structure of a protein?
  17. Which biochemical test is used to detect the presence of peptide bonds in proteins, giving a violet-purple coloration with alkaline copper sulfate?
  18. Which test reacts with all alpha-amino acids upon heating to produce an intense purple-blue color (Ruhemann's purple)?
  19. Which functional groups make up a Triglyceride (triacylglycerol) fat or oil molecule?
  20. Which of the following fatty acids is classified as an essential polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acid in human nutrition? (Hard)
  21. Which fat-soluble vitamin is essential for blood coagulation, functioning as a cofactor for gamma-glutamyl carboxylase in the liver?
  22. Which clinical deficiency disease results from a severe dietary lack of Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid)?
  23. Which clinical condition results from Vitamin D deficiency in growing children, characterized by soft, deformed bones (bow legs)?
  24. Which vitamin deficiency causes Night Blindness (Nyctalopia) and Keratomalacia (Xerophthalmia)?
  25. Which neurological and cardiovascular deficiency disease is caused by lack of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)?
  26. Which vitamin deficiency causes the classical triad of Dementia, Diarrhea, and Dermatitis known as Pellagra?
  27. Which vitamin contains a Cobalt atom in its corrin ring structure and its deficiency causes Pernicious Anemia?
  28. Which vitamin is routinely prescribed to pregnant mothers to prevent Neural Tube Defects (such as Spina Bifida) in the developing fetus?
  29. What is the mechanism of action of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like Aspirin and Ibuprofen? (Hard)
  30. How does Penicillin exert its bactericidal antibacterial effect against susceptible bacteria?
  31. Which structural class of antibiotics includes Streptomycin and Gentamicin that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding to 30S ribosomal subunits?
  32. What type of organic reaction is the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of fats (triglycerides) to produce Soap and Glycerol?
  33. Which chemical process converts liquid vegetable oils with multiple cis double bonds into solid semi-solid vegetable ghee (margarine)?
  34. What is the optical rotation phenomenon known as Mutarotation observed in freshly prepared aqueous solutions of D-Glucose?
  35. Which test is used to detect reducing sugars like glucose in urine for screening diabetes mellitus?

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